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|
||||||
|
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|
||||||
|
[]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
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|
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|
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|
ents (from 192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.200,
|
||||||
|
[]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
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|
[3]
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|
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273
doc/main.md
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@ -1,273 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
|
||||||
title: Basic Configuration of dnsmasq in an Incus Container on Debian
|
|
||||||
with Netplan
|
|
||||||
---
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Introduction
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This guide provides step-by-step instructions for setting up `dnsmasq`
|
|
||||||
as a DNS and DHCP server in an Incus container running Debian. The
|
|
||||||
network configuration is managed using Netplan to ensure proper network
|
|
||||||
integration.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Prerequisites
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Before proceeding, ensure the following:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- Incus is installed on the host system (`sudo apt install incus`).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- A Debian-based container is created in Incus.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- Basic knowledge of Linux networking and container management.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- Root or sudo access to the host and container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Step-by-Step Configuration
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Creating and Setting Up the Incus Container
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Create a Debian container named `deb1` using the following commands on
|
|
||||||
the host:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus create images:debian/12 deb1
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.syscalls.intercept.mount true
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.nesting true
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.privileged true
|
|
||||||
incus start deb1
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The `security.syscalls.intercept.mount`, `security.nesting`, and
|
|
||||||
`security.privileged` settings are required for `dnsmasq` and Docker to
|
|
||||||
function correctly in the container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Firewall Configuration
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To allow traffic forwarding between the `incusbr0` bridge and the `wlo1`
|
|
||||||
wireless interface, the following iptables rules are applied:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i incusbr0 -o wlo1 -j ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i wlo1 -o incusbr0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Installing Additional Packages
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Install the necessary packages inside the container:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt update
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt install -y \
|
|
||||||
netplan.io \
|
|
||||||
sudo vim nano git tmux mc zip unzip curl wget htop lynx \
|
|
||||||
iproute2 termshark bridge-utils \
|
|
||||||
python3 python3-ipython python3-pyroute2 python3-scapy \
|
|
||||||
docker.io docker-compose
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Configuring Users and Permissions
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Configure user access and permissions within the container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Changing the Root Password
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Set the root password to \"passroot\":
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- bash -c 'echo "root:passroot" | chpasswd'
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Adding a New User
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Add a new user named \"user\" with the password \"pass\" and add them to
|
|
||||||
the \"sudo\" and \"docker\" groups:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash -G sudo user && echo 'user:pass' | sudo chpasswd
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Accessing the Container
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Access the container's shell:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- su - user
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Setting Up a Veth Pair Between Container and Network Namespace
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To enable direct communication between a container and a network
|
|
||||||
namespace, a virtual Ethernet (`veth`) pair is created. The following
|
|
||||||
Python script (`link.py`) is used to create a `veth` pair between the
|
|
||||||
`deb1` (an Incus container) and the `ns1` network namespace, with
|
|
||||||
interfaces named `vA` and `vB`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
sudo python3 link.py -n1 vA -t2 incus -ns2 deb1 -n2 vB
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This command:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- Creates a `veth` pair with one end (`vA`) in the default namespace
|
|
||||||
and the other end (`vB`) in the `deb1`'s network namespace.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- Ensures the interfaces are set up and operational, allowing network
|
|
||||||
traffic to flow between the container and the `ns1` namespace (or
|
|
||||||
default namespace if `ns1` is not explicitly created).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The script uses the `pyroute2` library to manage network interfaces and
|
|
||||||
namespaces, and supports container types such as Incus, LXC, LXD, and
|
|
||||||
Docker. Ensure the `deb1` is running in Incus before executing the
|
|
||||||
command.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Configuring the Network with Netplan
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Configure the container's network using Netplan to assign a static IP
|
|
||||||
address. Create or edit the Netplan configuration file at
|
|
||||||
`/etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml`:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nano /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Add the following configuration:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.yaml language="yaml"}
|
|
||||||
network:
|
|
||||||
version: 2
|
|
||||||
ethernets:
|
|
||||||
vB:
|
|
||||||
dhcp4: no
|
|
||||||
addresses:
|
|
||||||
- 192.168.1.10/24
|
|
||||||
routes:
|
|
||||||
- to: default
|
|
||||||
via: 192.168.1.1
|
|
||||||
nameservers:
|
|
||||||
addresses: [8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4]
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Apply the configuration:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- netplan apply
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Installing dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Update the package list and install `dnsmasq`:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt update
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt install dnsmasq -y
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Configuring dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Edit the `dnsmasq` configuration file at `/etc/dnsmasq.conf`:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Add or modify the following settings to enable DNS and DHCP:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# DNS settings
|
|
||||||
domain-needed
|
|
||||||
bogus-priv
|
|
||||||
no-resolv
|
|
||||||
server=8.8.8.8
|
|
||||||
server=8.8.4.4
|
|
||||||
local=/example.local/
|
|
||||||
domain=example.local
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# DHCP settings
|
|
||||||
dhcp-range=192.168.1.100,192.168.1.200,12h
|
|
||||||
dhcp-option=3,192.168.1.1
|
|
||||||
dhcp-option=6,8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**Explanation:**
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- `domain-needed`: Prevents incomplete domain names from being sent to
|
|
||||||
upstream DNS.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- `bogus-priv`: Blocks reverse DNS lookups for private IP ranges.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- `no-resolv`: Disables reading `/etc/resolv.conf`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- `server`: Specifies upstream DNS servers (Google DNS in this case).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- `local` and `domain`: Configures a local domain.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- `dhcp-range`: Defines the IP range for DHCP clients (from
|
|
||||||
192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.200, lease time 12 hours).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- `dhcp-option`: Sets the default gateway (option 3) and DNS servers
|
|
||||||
(option 6).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## System-Level Adjustments for Network Stability
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In some cases, especially in nested or privileged containers, additional
|
|
||||||
system-level adjustments are necessary to ensure proper network
|
|
||||||
functionality and avoid conflicts.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To remount the `/sys` filesystem as read-write (required if certain
|
|
||||||
networking tools fail due to mount restrictions):
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
sudo mount -o remount,rw /sys
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl restart systemd-udevd
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Additionally, to prevent DNS conflicts with `systemd-resolved`, which
|
|
||||||
may interfere with `dnsmasq`, stop and disable the service:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl stop systemd-resolved
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl disable systemd-resolved
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This ensures that `dnsmasq` can bind to port 53 without conflicts. If
|
|
||||||
you require `systemd-resolved`, consider configuring it to listen on a
|
|
||||||
different interface or using socket activation.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Starting and Enabling dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Restart and enable the `dnsmasq` service:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl restart dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl enable dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Verify that `dnsmasq` is running:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl status dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Testing the Configuration
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Test DNS resolution from within the container:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nslookup example.local 192.168.1.10
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To test DHCP, connect a client device to the same network and verify
|
|
||||||
that it receives an IP address in the range
|
|
||||||
`192.168.1.100–192.168.1.200`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Troubleshooting
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If `dnsmasq` fails to start:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- Check the logs: `incus exec deb1 – journalctl -u dnsmasq`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- Ensure no other service is using port 53 (DNS) or 67 (DHCP).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- Verify the network configuration with `incus exec deb1 – ip a` and
|
|
||||||
`incus exec deb1 – ping 8.8.8.8`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Conclusion
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This guide configures `dnsmasq` as a DNS and DHCP server in an Incus
|
|
||||||
container on Debian. The Netplan configuration ensures proper network
|
|
||||||
setup. For advanced configurations, refer to the `dnsmasq` documentation
|
|
||||||
(`man dnsmasq`).
|
|
||||||
BIN
doc/main.pdf
BIN
doc/main.pdf
Binary file not shown.
159
doc/main.tex
159
doc/main.tex
@ -44,44 +44,31 @@ This guide provides step-by-step instructions for setting up \texttt{dnsmasq} as
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Prerequisites}
|
\section{Prerequisites}
|
||||||
Before proceeding, ensure the following:
|
Before proceeding, ensure the following:
|
||||||
|
\begin{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\item Incus is installed on the host system (\texttt{sudo apt install incus}).
|
||||||
- Incus is installed on the host system (\texttt{sudo apt install incus}).
|
\item A Debian-based container is created in Incus.
|
||||||
|
\item Basic knowledge of Linux networking and container management.
|
||||||
- A Debian-based container is created in Incus.
|
\item Root or sudo access to the host and container.
|
||||||
|
\end{itemize}
|
||||||
- Basic knowledge of Linux networking and container management.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Root or sudo access to the host and container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Step-by-Step Configuration}
|
\section{Step-by-Step Configuration}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Creating and Setting Up the Incus Container}
|
\subsection{Creating and Setting Up the Incus Container}
|
||||||
Create a Debian container named \texttt{deb1} using the following commands on the host:
|
Create a Debian container named \texttt{dnsmasq-container} using the following commands on the host:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus create images:debian/12 deb1
|
incus create images:debian/12 dnsmasq-container
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.syscalls.intercept.mount true
|
incus config set dnsmasq-container security.syscalls.intercept.mount true
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.nesting true
|
incus config set dnsmasq-container security.nesting true
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.privileged true
|
incus config set dnsmasq-container security.privileged true
|
||||||
incus start deb1
|
incus start dnsmasq-container
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
The \texttt{security.syscalls.intercept.mount}, \texttt{security.nesting}, and \texttt{security.privileged} settings are required for \texttt{dnsmasq} and Docker to function correctly in the container.
|
The \texttt{security.syscalls.intercept.mount}, \texttt{security.nesting}, and \texttt{security.privileged} settings are required for \texttt{dnsmasq} and Docker to function correctly in the container.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Firewall Configuration}
|
|
||||||
To allow traffic forwarding between the \texttt{incusbr0} bridge and the \texttt{wlo1} wireless interface, the following iptables rules are applied:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i incusbr0 -o wlo1 -j ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i wlo1 -o incusbr0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
sudo iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlistingi}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Installing Additional Packages}
|
\subsection{Installing Additional Packages}
|
||||||
Install the necessary packages inside the container:
|
Install the necessary packages inside the container:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt update
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- apt update
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt install -y \
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- apt install -y \
|
||||||
netplan.io \
|
netplan.io \
|
||||||
sudo vim nano git tmux mc zip unzip curl wget htop lynx \
|
sudo vim nano git tmux mc zip unzip curl wget htop lynx \
|
||||||
iproute2 termshark bridge-utils \
|
iproute2 termshark bridge-utils \
|
||||||
@ -95,49 +82,42 @@ Configure user access and permissions within the container.
|
|||||||
\subsubsection{Changing the Root Password}
|
\subsubsection{Changing the Root Password}
|
||||||
Set the root password to "passroot":
|
Set the root password to "passroot":
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- bash -c 'echo "root:passroot" | chpasswd'
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- bash -c 'echo "root:passroot" | chpasswd'
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsubsection{Adding a New User}
|
\subsubsection{Adding a New User}
|
||||||
Add a new user named "user" with the password "pass" and add them to the "sudo" and "docker" groups:
|
Add a new user named "user" with the password "pass" and add them to the "sudo" and "docker" groups:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash -G sudo user && echo 'user:pass' | sudo chpasswd
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- useradd -m -s /bin/bash user
|
||||||
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- bash -c 'echo "user:pass" | chpasswd'
|
||||||
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- usermod -aG sudo user
|
||||||
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- usermod -aG docker user
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Accessing the Container}
|
\subsection{Accessing the Container}
|
||||||
Access the container's shell:
|
Access the container's shell:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- su - user
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- bash
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Setting Up a Veth Pair Between Container and Network Namespace}
|
\subsection{Installing dnsmasq}
|
||||||
To enable direct communication between a container and a network namespace, a virtual Ethernet (\texttt{veth}) pair is created. The following Python script (\texttt{link.py}) is used to create a \texttt{veth} pair between the \texttt{deb1} (an Incus container) and the \texttt{ns1} network namespace, with interfaces named \texttt{vA} and \texttt{vB}.
|
Update the package list and install \texttt{dnsmasq}:
|
||||||
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- apt update
|
||||||
sudo python3 link.py -n1 vA -t2 incus -ns2 deb1 -n2 vB
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- apt install dnsmasq -y
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This command:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Creates a \texttt{veth} pair with one end (\texttt{vA}) in the default namespace and the other end (\texttt{vB}) in the \texttt{deb1}'s network namespace.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Ensures the interfaces are set up and operational, allowing network traffic to flow between the container and the \texttt{ns1} namespace (or default namespace if \texttt{ns1} is not explicitly created).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The script uses the \texttt{pyroute2} library to manage network interfaces and namespaces, and supports container types such as Incus, LXC, LXD, and Docker. Ensure the \texttt{deb1} is running in Incus before executing the command.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Configuring the Network with Netplan}
|
\subsection{Configuring the Network with Netplan}
|
||||||
Configure the container's network using Netplan to assign a static IP address. Create or edit the Netplan configuration file at \texttt{/etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml}:
|
Configure the container's network using Netplan to assign a static IP address. Create or edit the Netplan configuration file at \texttt{/etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml}:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nano /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- nano /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
Add the following configuration:
|
Add the following configuration:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=yaml]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=yaml]
|
||||||
network:
|
network:
|
||||||
version: 2
|
version: 2
|
||||||
ethernets:
|
ethernets:
|
||||||
vB:
|
eth0:
|
||||||
dhcp4: no
|
dhcp4: no
|
||||||
addresses:
|
addresses:
|
||||||
- 192.168.1.10/24
|
- 192.168.1.10/24
|
||||||
@ -149,23 +129,15 @@ network:
|
|||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
Apply the configuration:
|
Apply the configuration:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- netplan apply
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- netplan apply
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Installing dnsmasq}
|
|
||||||
Update the package list and install \texttt{dnsmasq}:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt update
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt install dnsmasq -y
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Configuring dnsmasq}
|
\subsection{Configuring dnsmasq}
|
||||||
Edit the \texttt{dnsmasq} configuration file at \texttt{/etc/dnsmasq.conf}:
|
Edit the \texttt{dnsmasq} configuration file at \texttt{/etc/dnsmasq.conf}:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
Add or modify the following settings to enable DNS and DHCP:
|
Add or modify the following settings to enable DNS and DHCP:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}
|
\begin{lstlisting}
|
||||||
# DNS settings
|
# DNS settings
|
||||||
domain-needed
|
domain-needed
|
||||||
@ -179,80 +151,45 @@ domain=example.local
|
|||||||
# DHCP settings
|
# DHCP settings
|
||||||
dhcp-range=192.168.1.100,192.168.1.200,12h
|
dhcp-range=192.168.1.100,192.168.1.200,12h
|
||||||
dhcp-option=3,192.168.1.1
|
dhcp-option=3,192.168.1.1
|
||||||
|
dhcp-option=6,8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4
|
||||||
# Opcja DHCP numer 6 (dhcp-option=6) służy do ustawiania adresu serwera DNS dla klientów DHCP
|
|
||||||
dhcp-option=6,192.168.1.10
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\textbf{Explanation:}
|
\textbf{Explanation:}
|
||||||
|
\begin{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\item \texttt{domain-needed}: Prevents incomplete domain names from being sent to upstream DNS.
|
||||||
- \texttt{domain-needed}: Prevents incomplete domain names from being sent to upstream DNS.
|
\item \texttt{bogus-priv}: Blocks reverse DNS lookups for private IP ranges.
|
||||||
|
\item \texttt{no-resolv}: Disables reading \texttt{/etc/resolv.conf}.
|
||||||
- \texttt{bogus-priv}: Blocks reverse DNS lookups for private IP ranges.
|
\item \texttt{server}: Specifies upstream DNS servers (Google DNS in this case).
|
||||||
|
\item \texttt{local} and \texttt{domain}: Configures a local domain.
|
||||||
- \texttt{no-resolv}: Disables reading \texttt{/etc/resolv.conf}.
|
\item \texttt{dhcp-range}: Defines the IP range for DHCP clients (from 192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.200, lease time 12 hours).
|
||||||
|
\item \texttt{dhcp-option}: Sets the default gateway (option 3) and DNS servers (option 6).
|
||||||
- \texttt{server}: Specifies upstream DNS servers (Google DNS in this case).
|
\end{itemize}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{local} and \texttt{domain}: Configures a local domain.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{dhcp-range}: Defines the IP range for DHCP clients (from 192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.200, lease time 12 hours).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{dhcp-option}: Sets the default gateway (option 3) and DNS servers (option 6).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
% ————————————————————————————————
|
|
||||||
% 🔧 NOWA SEKCJA: System-Level Adjustments
|
|
||||||
% ————————————————————————————————
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{System-Level Adjustments for Network Stability}
|
|
||||||
In some cases, especially in nested or privileged containers, additional system-level adjustments are necessary to ensure proper network functionality and avoid conflicts.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To remount the \texttt{/sys} filesystem as read-write (required if certain networking tools fail due to mount restrictions):
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
sudo mount -o remount,rw /sys
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl restart systemd-udevd
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Additionally, to prevent DNS conflicts with \texttt{systemd-resolved}, which may interfere with \texttt{dnsmasq}, stop and disable the service:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl stop systemd-resolved
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl disable systemd-resolved
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This ensures that \texttt{dnsmasq} can bind to port 53 without conflicts. If you require \texttt{systemd-resolved}, consider configuring it to listen on a different interface or using socket activation.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
% ————————————————————————————————
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Starting and Enabling dnsmasq}
|
\subsection{Starting and Enabling dnsmasq}
|
||||||
Restart and enable the \texttt{dnsmasq} service:
|
Restart and enable the \texttt{dnsmasq} service:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl restart dnsmasq
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- systemctl restart dnsmasq
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl enable dnsmasq
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- systemctl enable dnsmasq
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
Verify that \texttt{dnsmasq} is running:
|
Verify that \texttt{dnsmasq} is running:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl status dnsmasq
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- systemctl status dnsmasq
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Testing the Configuration}
|
\subsection{Testing the Configuration}
|
||||||
Test DNS resolution from within the container:
|
Test DNS resolution from within the container:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nslookup example.local 192.168.1.10
|
incus exec dnsmasq-container -- nslookup example.local 192.168.1.10
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
To test DHCP, connect a client device to the same network and verify that it receives an IP address in the range \texttt{192.168.1.100--192.168.1.200}.
|
To test DHCP, connect a client device to the same network and verify that it receives an IP address in the range \texttt{192.168.1.100--192.168.1.200}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Troubleshooting}
|
\section{Troubleshooting}
|
||||||
If \texttt{dnsmasq} fails to start:
|
If \texttt{dnsmasq} fails to start:
|
||||||
|
\begin{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\item Check the logs: \texttt{incus exec dnsmasq-container -- journalctl -u dnsmasq}.
|
||||||
- Check the logs: \texttt{incus exec deb1 -- journalctl -u dnsmasq}.
|
\item Ensure no other service is using port 53 (DNS) or 67 (DHCP).
|
||||||
|
\item Verify the network configuration with \texttt{incus exec dnsmasq-container -- ip a} and \texttt{incus exec dnsmasq-container -- ping 8.8.8.8}.
|
||||||
- Ensure no other service is using port 53 (DNS) or 67 (DHCP).
|
\end{itemize}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Verify the network configuration with \texttt{incus exec deb1 -- ip a} and \texttt{incus exec deb1 -- ping 8.8.8.8}.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Conclusion}
|
\section{Conclusion}
|
||||||
This guide configures \texttt{dnsmasq} as a DNS and DHCP server in an Incus container on Debian. The Netplan configuration ensures proper network setup. For advanced configurations, refer to the \texttt{dnsmasq} documentation (\texttt{man dnsmasq}).
|
This guide configures \texttt{dnsmasq} as a DNS and DHCP server in an Incus container on Debian. The Netplan configuration ensures proper network setup. For advanced configurations, refer to the \texttt{dnsmasq} documentation (\texttt{man dnsmasq}).
|
||||||
|
|||||||
257
doc/~
257
doc/~
@ -1,257 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}
|
|
||||||
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
|
|
||||||
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
|
|
||||||
\usepackage{lmodern}
|
|
||||||
\usepackage{geometry}
|
|
||||||
\geometry{margin=1in}
|
|
||||||
\usepackage{listings}
|
|
||||||
\usepackage{xcolor}
|
|
||||||
\usepackage{parskip}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\lstset{
|
|
||||||
basicstyle=\ttfamily\small,
|
|
||||||
breaklines=true,
|
|
||||||
frame=single,
|
|
||||||
numbers=left,
|
|
||||||
numberstyle=\tiny,
|
|
||||||
keywordstyle=\color{blue},
|
|
||||||
commentstyle=\color{gray},
|
|
||||||
stringstyle=\color{red}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
% Define YAML language for listings
|
|
||||||
\lstdefinelanguage{yaml}{
|
|
||||||
keywords={true,false,null,yaml,network,version,ethernets,dhcp4,addresses,routes,to,via,nameservers},
|
|
||||||
keywordstyle=\color{blue}\bfseries,
|
|
||||||
basicstyle=\ttfamily\small,
|
|
||||||
sensitive=false,
|
|
||||||
comment=[l]{\#},
|
|
||||||
commentstyle=\color{gray}\itshape,
|
|
||||||
stringstyle=\color{red},
|
|
||||||
morestring=[b]{"},
|
|
||||||
morestring=[b]{'}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{document}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\title{Basic Configuration of dnsmasq in an Incus Container on Debian with Netplan}
|
|
||||||
\author{}
|
|
||||||
\date{}
|
|
||||||
\maketitle
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Introduction}
|
|
||||||
This guide provides step-by-step instructions for setting up \texttt{dnsmasq} as a DNS and DHCP server in an Incus container running Debian. The network configuration is managed using Netplan to ensure proper network integration.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Prerequisites}
|
|
||||||
Before proceeding, ensure the following:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Incus is installed on the host system (\texttt{sudo apt install incus}).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- A Debian-based container is created in Incus.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Basic knowledge of Linux networking and container management.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Root or sudo access to the host and container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Step-by-Step Configuration}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Creating and Setting Up the Incus Container}
|
|
||||||
Create a Debian container named \texttt{deb1} using the following commands on the host:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus create images:debian/12 deb1
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.syscalls.intercept.mount true
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.nesting true
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.privileged true
|
|
||||||
incus start deb1
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
The \texttt{security.syscalls.intercept.mount}, \texttt{security.nesting}, and \texttt{security.privileged} settings are required for \texttt{dnsmasq} and Docker to function correctly in the container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Firewall Configuration}
|
|
||||||
To allow traffic forwarding between the \texttt{incusbr0} bridge and the \texttt{wlo1} wireless interface, the following iptables rules are applied:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i incusbr0 -o wlo1 -j ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i wlo1 -o incusbr0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
sudo iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlistingi}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Installing Additional Packages}
|
|
||||||
Install the necessary packages inside the container:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt update
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt install -y \
|
|
||||||
netplan.io \
|
|
||||||
sudo vim nano git tmux mc zip unzip curl wget htop lynx \
|
|
||||||
iproute2 termshark bridge-utils \
|
|
||||||
python3 python3-ipython python3-pyroute2 python3-scapy \
|
|
||||||
docker.io docker-compose
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Configuring Users and Permissions}
|
|
||||||
Configure user access and permissions within the container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsubsection{Changing the Root Password}
|
|
||||||
Set the root password to "passroot":
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- bash -c 'echo "root:passroot" | chpasswd'
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsubsection{Adding a New User}
|
|
||||||
Add a new user named "user" with the password "pass" and add them to the "sudo" and "docker" groups:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash -G sudo user && echo 'user:pass' | sudo chpasswd
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Accessing the Container}
|
|
||||||
Access the container's shell:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- su - user
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Setting Up a Veth Pair Between Container and Network Namespace}
|
|
||||||
To enable direct communication between a container and a network namespace, a virtual Ethernet (\texttt{veth}) pair is created. The following Python script (\texttt{link.py}) is used to create a \texttt{veth} pair between the \texttt{deb1} (an Incus container) and the \texttt{ns1} network namespace, with interfaces named \texttt{vA} and \texttt{vB}.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
sudo python3 link.py -n1 vA -t2 incus -ns2 deb1 -n2 vB
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This command:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Creates a \texttt{veth} pair with one end (\texttt{vA}) in the default namespace and the other end (\texttt{vB}) in the \texttt{deb1}'s network namespace.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Ensures the interfaces are set up and operational, allowing network traffic to flow between the container and the \texttt{ns1} namespace (or default namespace if \texttt{ns1} is not explicitly created).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The script uses the \texttt{pyroute2} library to manage network interfaces and namespaces, and supports container types such as Incus, LXC, LXD, and Docker. Ensure the \texttt{deb1} is running in Incus before executing the command.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Configuring the Network with Netplan}
|
|
||||||
Configure the container's network using Netplan to assign a static IP address. Create or edit the Netplan configuration file at \texttt{/etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml}:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nano /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
Add the following configuration:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=yaml]
|
|
||||||
network:
|
|
||||||
version: 2
|
|
||||||
ethernets:
|
|
||||||
vB:
|
|
||||||
dhcp4: no
|
|
||||||
addresses:
|
|
||||||
- 192.168.1.10/24
|
|
||||||
routes:
|
|
||||||
- to: default
|
|
||||||
via: 192.168.1.1
|
|
||||||
nameservers:
|
|
||||||
addresses: [8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4]
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
Apply the configuration:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- netplan apply
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Installing dnsmasq}
|
|
||||||
Update the package list and install \texttt{dnsmasq}:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt update
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt install dnsmasq -y
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Configuring dnsmasq}
|
|
||||||
Edit the \texttt{dnsmasq} configuration file at \texttt{/etc/dnsmasq.conf}:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
Add or modify the following settings to enable DNS and DHCP:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
# DNS settings
|
|
||||||
domain-needed
|
|
||||||
bogus-priv
|
|
||||||
no-resolv
|
|
||||||
server=8.8.8.8
|
|
||||||
server=8.8.4.4
|
|
||||||
local=/example.local/
|
|
||||||
domain=example.local
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# DHCP settings
|
|
||||||
dhcp-range=192.168.1.100,192.168.1.200,12h
|
|
||||||
dhcp-option=3,192.168.1.1
|
|
||||||
dhcp-option=6,8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\textbf{Explanation:}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{domain-needed}: Prevents incomplete domain names from being sent to upstream DNS.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{bogus-priv}: Blocks reverse DNS lookups for private IP ranges.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{no-resolv}: Disables reading \texttt{/etc/resolv.conf}.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{server}: Specifies upstream DNS servers (Google DNS in this case).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{local} and \texttt{domain}: Configures a local domain.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{dhcp-range}: Defines the IP range for DHCP clients (from 192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.200, lease time 12 hours).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{dhcp-option}: Sets the default gateway (option 3) and DNS servers (option 6).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
% ————————————————————————————————
|
|
||||||
% 🔧 NOWA SEKCJA: System-Level Adjustments
|
|
||||||
% ————————————————————————————————
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{System-Level Adjustments for Network Stability}
|
|
||||||
In some cases, especially in nested or privileged containers, additional system-level adjustments are necessary to ensure proper network functionality and avoid conflicts.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To remount the \texttt{/sys} filesystem as read-write (required if certain networking tools fail due to mount restrictions):
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
sudo mount -o remount,rw /sys
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl restart systemd-udevd
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Additionally, to prevent DNS conflicts with \texttt{systemd-resolved}, which may interfere with \texttt{dnsmasq}, stop and disable the service:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl stop systemd-resolved
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl disable systemd-resolved
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This ensures that \texttt{dnsmasq} can bind to port 53 without conflicts. If you require \texttt{systemd-resolved}, consider configuring it to listen on a different interface or using socket activation.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
% ————————————————————————————————
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Starting and Enabling dnsmasq}
|
|
||||||
Restart and enable the \texttt{dnsmasq} service:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl restart dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl enable dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
Verify that \texttt{dnsmasq} is running:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl status dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Testing the Configuration}
|
|
||||||
Test DNS resolution from within the container:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nslookup example.local 192.168.1.10
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
To test DHCP, connect a client device to the same network and verify that it receives an IP address in the range \texttt{192.168.1.100--192.168.1.200}.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Troubleshooting}
|
|
||||||
If \texttt{dnsmasq} fails to start:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Check the logs: \texttt{incus exec deb1 -- journalctl -u dnsmasq}.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Ensure no other service is using port 53 (DNS) or 67 (DHCP).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Verify the network configuration with \texttt{incus exec deb1 -- ip a} and \texttt{incus exec deb1 -- ping 8.8.8.8}.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Conclusion}
|
|
||||||
This guide configures \texttt{dnsmasq} as a DNS and DHCP server in an Incus container on Debian. The Netplan configuration ensures proper network setup. For advanced configurations, refer to the \texttt{dnsmasq} documentation (\texttt{man dnsmasq}).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end{document}
|
|
||||||
430
py/link.py
430
py/link.py
@ -1,430 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
import argparse
|
|
||||||
import os
|
|
||||||
import subprocess
|
|
||||||
import sys
|
|
||||||
from pyroute2 import IPRoute, NetNS
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
class NetworkNamespaceManager:
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Provides functionalities to manage network namespaces.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Network namespaces partition network resources such as network links,
|
|
||||||
IP addresses, and port numbers into disjoint sets.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@staticmethod
|
|
||||||
def list_netns():
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
List all available network namespaces.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Scans the '/var/run/netns' directory and prints out all
|
|
||||||
the network namespace files present. If no namespaces are found, it
|
|
||||||
prints a message indicating that.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
netns_dir = "/var/run/netns"
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
netns_files = os.listdir(netns_dir)
|
|
||||||
if netns_files:
|
|
||||||
print("List of available network namespaces:")
|
|
||||||
for netns_file in netns_files:
|
|
||||||
print(f"- {netns_file}")
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
print("No network namespaces found.")
|
|
||||||
except OSError as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error listing network namespaces: {e}")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
class ContainerNetnsExposer:
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Responsible for exposing network namespaces of containers.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Supports Docker, LXC, LXD, and Incus containers, allowing the user to interact
|
|
||||||
with their network namespaces.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def __init__(self):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Initializes the ContainerNetnsExposer instance.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
self.netns_pid = None
|
|
||||||
self.netns_path = None
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def expose_container_netns(self, container_id_or_name, container_type='docker'):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Expose the network namespace of a specified container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
container_id_or_name (str): The identifier or name of the container.
|
|
||||||
container_type (str): The type of the container ('docker', 'lxc', 'lxd', or 'incus').
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Returns:
|
|
||||||
str: The PID of the container as a string.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
SystemExit: If the container type is unsupported or if there is an error
|
|
||||||
in retrieving the container's PID.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
if container_type == 'docker':
|
|
||||||
self.get_docker_container_pid(container_id_or_name)
|
|
||||||
elif container_type in ('lxc', 'lxd', 'incus'):
|
|
||||||
self.get_lxc_container_pid(container_id_or_name, container_type)
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
print("Unsupported container type. Only 'docker', 'lxc', 'lxd', and 'incus' are supported.")
|
|
||||||
sys.exit(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
self.create_netns_directory()
|
|
||||||
self.create_or_remove_netns_symlink()
|
|
||||||
return str(self.netns_pid)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def get_docker_container_pid(self, container_id_or_name):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Retrieve the PID of a Docker container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
container_id_or_name (str): The identifier or name of the Docker container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
SystemExit: If there is an error in retrieving the Docker container's PID.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
self.netns_pid = subprocess.check_output(
|
|
||||||
["sudo", "docker", "inspect", "-f", "{{.State.Pid}}", container_id_or_name],
|
|
||||||
universal_newlines=True
|
|
||||||
).strip()
|
|
||||||
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
|
|
||||||
print("Error retrieving Docker container PID. Make sure the container exists and is running.")
|
|
||||||
sys.exit(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def get_lxc_container_pid(self, container_name, container_type='lxc'):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Retrieve the PID of an LXC, LXD, or Incus container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
container_name (str): The name of the container.
|
|
||||||
container_type (str): The type of the container ('lxc', 'lxd', or 'incus').
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
SystemExit: If there is an error in retrieving the container's PID.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
if container_type == 'lxc':
|
|
||||||
output = subprocess.check_output(
|
|
||||||
["lxc-info", "-n", container_name, "-p"],
|
|
||||||
universal_newlines=True
|
|
||||||
)
|
|
||||||
self.netns_pid = output.strip().split()[-1]
|
|
||||||
elif container_type == 'lxd':
|
|
||||||
output = subprocess.check_output(
|
|
||||||
["sudo", "lxc", "info", container_name],
|
|
||||||
universal_newlines=True
|
|
||||||
)
|
|
||||||
for line in output.splitlines():
|
|
||||||
if line.strip().startswith("PID:"):
|
|
||||||
self.netns_pid = line.split(':')[1].strip()
|
|
||||||
break
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
print(f"PID not found in 'lxc info' output for container '{container_name}'.")
|
|
||||||
sys.exit(1)
|
|
||||||
elif container_type == 'incus':
|
|
||||||
output = subprocess.check_output(
|
|
||||||
["sudo", "incus", "info", container_name],
|
|
||||||
universal_newlines=True
|
|
||||||
)
|
|
||||||
for line in output.splitlines():
|
|
||||||
if line.strip().startswith("PID:"):
|
|
||||||
self.netns_pid = line.split(':')[1].strip()
|
|
||||||
break
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
print(f"PID not found in 'incus info' output for container '{container_name}'.")
|
|
||||||
sys.exit(1)
|
|
||||||
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error retrieving {container_type.upper()} container PID for '{container_name}'. Error: {e}")
|
|
||||||
sys.exit(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def create_netns_directory(self):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Create the network namespace directory if it does not exist.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Ensures that the directory '/var/run/netns' exists, which is used
|
|
||||||
to store network namespace symlinks.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
subprocess.run(["sudo", "mkdir", "-p", "/var/run/netns"], check=True)
|
|
||||||
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error creating network namespace directory: {e.stderr.strip()}")
|
|
||||||
sys.exit(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def create_or_remove_netns_symlink(self):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Create or remove a symlink to the network namespace of a container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Sets up a symlink in '/var/run/netns', pointing to the network namespace
|
|
||||||
of the container identified by its PID. If a symlink with the same name
|
|
||||||
already exists, it is removed before creating a new one.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
self.netns_path = f"/var/run/netns/{self.netns_pid}"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
if os.path.exists(self.netns_path):
|
|
||||||
subprocess.run(["sudo", "rm", "-rf", self.netns_path], check=True)
|
|
||||||
subprocess.run(["sudo", "ln", "-s", f"/proc/{self.netns_pid}/ns/net", self.netns_path], check=True)
|
|
||||||
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error creating or removing symlink: {e}")
|
|
||||||
sys.exit(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
class IfaceManager:
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Manages network interfaces, including creation, deletion, and configuration
|
|
||||||
of veth pairs, VLANs, and bridges.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def delete(self, iface_name, namespace=None):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Delete a network interface.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
iface_name (str): The name of the interface to delete.
|
|
||||||
namespace (str, optional): The network namespace where the interface exists.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
Exception: If the interface cannot be deleted.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
if namespace:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = NetNS(namespace)
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = IPRoute()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
with context_manager as ns:
|
|
||||||
iface_idx_list = ns.link_lookup(ifname=iface_name)
|
|
||||||
if not iface_idx_list:
|
|
||||||
raise ValueError(f"Interface {iface_name} not found.")
|
|
||||||
iface_idx = iface_idx_list[0]
|
|
||||||
ns.link('del', index=iface_idx)
|
|
||||||
except Exception as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error deleting interface {iface_name} in namespace {namespace}: {e}")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def create_veth(self, iface1, iface2, namespace=None):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Create a veth pair.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
iface1 (str): The name of the first interface.
|
|
||||||
iface2 (str): The name of the second interface.
|
|
||||||
namespace (str, optional): The network namespace where to create the veth pair.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
Exception: If the veth pair cannot be created.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
if namespace:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = NetNS(namespace)
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = IPRoute()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
with context_manager as ns:
|
|
||||||
ns.link('add', ifname=iface1, peer={'ifname': iface2}, kind='veth')
|
|
||||||
except Exception as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error creating veth pair {iface1} and {iface2}: {e}")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def create_vlan(self, base_iface, vlan_id, namespace=None):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Create a VLAN interface.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
base_iface (str): The base interface name.
|
|
||||||
vlan_id (int): The VLAN ID.
|
|
||||||
namespace (str, optional): The network namespace where to create the VLAN interface.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
Exception: If the VLAN interface cannot be created.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
if namespace:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = NetNS(namespace)
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = IPRoute()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
with context_manager as ns:
|
|
||||||
base_iface_idx_list = ns.link_lookup(ifname=base_iface)
|
|
||||||
if not base_iface_idx_list:
|
|
||||||
raise ValueError(f"Base interface {base_iface} not found.")
|
|
||||||
base_iface_idx = base_iface_idx_list[0]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
vlan_iface = f"{base_iface}.{vlan_id}"
|
|
||||||
ns.link('add', ifname=vlan_iface, link=base_iface_idx, kind='vlan', vlan_info={'id': vlan_id})
|
|
||||||
except Exception as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error creating VLAN on interface {base_iface}: {e}")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def create_bridge(self, bridge_name, namespace=None):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Create a bridge interface.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
bridge_name (str): The name of the bridge.
|
|
||||||
namespace (str, optional): The network namespace where to create the bridge.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
Exception: If the bridge cannot be created.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
if namespace:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = NetNS(namespace)
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = IPRoute()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
with context_manager as ns:
|
|
||||||
ns.link('add', ifname=bridge_name, kind='bridge')
|
|
||||||
except Exception as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error creating bridge {bridge_name}: {e}")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def move(self, iface, namespace):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Move a network interface to another namespace.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
iface (str): The interface name to move.
|
|
||||||
namespace (str): The target network namespace.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
Exception: If the interface cannot be moved.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
ipr = IPRoute()
|
|
||||||
idx_list = ipr.link_lookup(ifname=iface)
|
|
||||||
if not idx_list:
|
|
||||||
raise ValueError(f"Interface {iface} not found.")
|
|
||||||
idx = idx_list[0]
|
|
||||||
ipr.link('set', index=idx, net_ns_fd=namespace)
|
|
||||||
except Exception as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error moving interface {iface} to namespace {namespace}: {e}")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def set_interface_up(self, iface_name, namespace=None):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Set a network interface up.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
iface_name (str): The name of the interface.
|
|
||||||
namespace (str, optional): The network namespace where the interface exists.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
Exception: If the interface cannot be set up.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
if namespace:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = NetNS(namespace)
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = IPRoute()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
with context_manager as ns:
|
|
||||||
iface_idx_list = ns.link_lookup(ifname=iface_name)
|
|
||||||
if not iface_idx_list:
|
|
||||||
raise ValueError(f"Interface {iface_name} not found.")
|
|
||||||
iface_idx = iface_idx_list[0]
|
|
||||||
ns.link("set", index=iface_idx, state="up")
|
|
||||||
except Exception as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error setting up interface {iface_name} in namespace {namespace}: {e}")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def attach_to_bridge(self, iface_name, bridge_name, namespace=None):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Attach an interface to a bridge.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
iface_name (str): The name of the interface.
|
|
||||||
bridge_name (str): The name of the bridge.
|
|
||||||
namespace (str, optional): The network namespace where the interface and bridge exist.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
Exception: If the interface cannot be attached to the bridge.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
if namespace:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = NetNS(namespace)
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = IPRoute()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
with context_manager as ns:
|
|
||||||
iface_idx_list = ns.link_lookup(ifname=iface_name)
|
|
||||||
if not iface_idx_list:
|
|
||||||
raise ValueError(f"Interface {iface_name} not found.")
|
|
||||||
iface_idx = iface_idx_list[0]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
bridge_idx_list = ns.link_lookup(ifname=bridge_name)
|
|
||||||
if not bridge_idx_list:
|
|
||||||
raise ValueError(f"Bridge {bridge_name} not found.")
|
|
||||||
bridge_idx = bridge_idx_list[0]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ns.link("set", index=iface_idx, master=bridge_idx)
|
|
||||||
except Exception as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error attaching interface {iface_name} to bridge {bridge_name} in namespace {namespace}: {e}")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def interpret_namespace(namespace_arg):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Interpret the namespace argument.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If the argument is '1', converts it to None (representing the default namespace),
|
|
||||||
otherwise returns the argument as is.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
namespace_arg (str): The namespace argument.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Returns:
|
|
||||||
str or None: The interpreted namespace.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
return None if namespace_arg == '1' else namespace_arg
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def main():
|
|
||||||
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Create veth pairs between containers with optional bridge attachment.")
|
|
||||||
parser.add_argument("-ns1", "--namespace1", default=None, help="Name of the first namespace or container, or '1' for the default namespace.")
|
|
||||||
parser.add_argument("-ns2", "--namespace2", default=None, help="Name of the second namespace or container, or '1' for the default namespace.")
|
|
||||||
parser.add_argument("-n1", "--name1", required=True, help="Name of the first veth interface.")
|
|
||||||
parser.add_argument("-n2", "--name2", required=True, help="Name of the second veth interface.")
|
|
||||||
parser.add_argument("-b1", "--bridge1", default=None, help="Name of the network bridge for ns1.")
|
|
||||||
parser.add_argument("-b2", "--bridge2", default=None, help="Name of the network bridge for ns2.")
|
|
||||||
parser.add_argument("-t1", "--type1", default=None, help="Container type for ns1 ('docker', 'lxc', 'lxd', 'incus', or 'None' for the default namespace).")
|
|
||||||
parser.add_argument("-t2", "--type2", default=None, help="Container type for ns2 ('docker', 'lxc', 'lxd', 'incus', or 'None' for the default namespace).")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
args = parser.parse_args()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Processing namespace arguments and container types
|
|
||||||
ns1, type1 = interpret_namespace(args.namespace1), args.type1
|
|
||||||
ns2, type2 = interpret_namespace(args.namespace2), args.type2
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Instantiate management classes
|
|
||||||
iface_manager = IfaceManager()
|
|
||||||
container_exposer = ContainerNetnsExposer()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Expose container network namespaces if applicable
|
|
||||||
if type1 and ns1:
|
|
||||||
ns1_pid = container_exposer.expose_container_netns(ns1, type1)
|
|
||||||
ns1 = ns1_pid
|
|
||||||
if type2 and ns2:
|
|
||||||
ns2_pid = container_exposer.expose_container_netns(ns2, type2)
|
|
||||||
ns2 = ns2_pid
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Create veth pair
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.create_veth(args.name1, args.name2)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Move ends of the veth pair to appropriate namespaces if required
|
|
||||||
if ns1:
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.move(args.name1, ns1)
|
|
||||||
if ns2:
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.move(args.name2, ns2)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Optional: Attach to network bridge and bring interfaces up
|
|
||||||
if args.bridge1 and args.name1:
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.attach_to_bridge(args.name1, args.bridge1, ns1)
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.set_interface_up(args.name1, ns1)
|
|
||||||
if args.bridge2 and args.name2:
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.attach_to_bridge(args.name2, args.bridge2, ns2)
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.set_interface_up(args.name2, ns2)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Bring up interfaces if not already up
|
|
||||||
if not args.bridge1 and args.name1:
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.set_interface_up(args.name1, ns1)
|
|
||||||
if not args.bridge2 and args.name2:
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.set_interface_up(args.name2, ns2)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
|
||||||
main()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
incus create images:debian/12 deb1
|
incus create images:debian/12 dnsmasq-container
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.syscalls.intercept.mount true
|
incus config set dnsmasq-container security.syscalls.intercept.mount true
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.nesting true
|
incus config set dnsmasq-container security.nesting true
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.privileged true
|
incus config set dnsmasq-container security.privileged true
|
||||||
incus start deb1
|
incus start dnsmasq-container
|
||||||
@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
#!/bin/bash
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Restart usługi dnsmasq w kontenerze
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl restart dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Włącz automatyczne uruchamianie dnsmasq przy starcie
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl enable dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Sprawdź status usługi dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl status dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Test DNS — nslookup
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nslookup example.local 192.168.1.10
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Utwórz nowy kontener deb1 z obrazu Debian 12
|
|
||||||
incus create images:debian/12 deb1
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Konfiguracja bezpieczeństwa dla kontenera deb1
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.syscalls.intercept.mount true
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.nesting true
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.privileged true
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Uruchom kontener deb1
|
|
||||||
incus start deb1
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Aktualizacja pakietów w kontenerze deb1
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt update
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Instalacja potrzebnych pakietów
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt install -y \
|
|
||||||
netplan.io \
|
|
||||||
sudo vim nano git tmux mc zip unzip curl wget htop lynx \
|
|
||||||
iproute2 termshark bridge-utils \
|
|
||||||
python3 python3-ipython python3-pyroute2 python3-scapy \
|
|
||||||
docker.io docker-compose
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Ustaw hasło root
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- bash -c 'echo "root:passroot" | chpasswd'
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Dodaj użytkownika "user" z hasłem "pass" i grupą "sudo" i " docker" (opcja dla wewnątrz kontenera i z ns1
|
|
||||||
# Wariant ns1
|
|
||||||
sudo incus exec deb1 -- su - sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash -G sudo,docker user && echo 'user:pass' | sudo chpasswd
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Wariant inside container
|
|
||||||
sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash -G sudo,docker user && echo 'user:pass' | sudo chpasswd
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Wejście do powłoki bash w kontenerze (opcjonalne)
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- bash -c "echo 'Wchodzimy do bash...'; exec bash"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Aktualizacja pakietów ponownie
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt update
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Instalacja dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt install dnsmasq -y
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Edycja konfiguracji Netplan
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nano /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Zastosowanie zmian konfiguracji sieciowej
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- netplan apply
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Edycja konfiguracji dnsmasq.conf
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
echo "Skrypt zakończony."
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#made by mbiast and babcia (siah)
|
|
||||||
Binary file not shown.
@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
allign czy konf container from inside /outside side`
|
|
||||||
@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
sudo iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user