Compare commits
3 Commits
| Author | SHA1 | Date | |
|---|---|---|---|
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0af7be8bcf | ||
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444cc9f004 | ||
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1bdefab786 |
2
confs/.tmux.conf
Normal file
2
confs/.tmux.conf
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
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set-option -g prefix C-a
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set -s set-clipboard on
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181
confs/.vimrc
Normal file
181
confs/.vimrc
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
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call plug#begin()
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||||||
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Plug 'tpope/vim-fugitive'
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Plug 'tpope/vim-commentary'
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Plug 'preservim/nerdtree', { 'on': 'NERDTreeToggle' }
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||||||
|
" Plug 'neoclide/coc.nvim', {'branch': 'release'}
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||||||
|
Plug 'jpalardy/vim-slime'
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Plug 'ojroques/vim-oscyank', {'branch': 'main'}
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call plug#end()
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nnoremap <leader>n :NERDTreeFocus<CR>
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nnoremap <C-n> :NERDTree<CR>
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nnoremap <C-t> :NERDTreeToggle<CR>
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nnoremap <C-f> :NERDTreeFind<CR>
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set backspace=indent,eol,start
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set mouse=r
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packadd termdebug
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let g:termdebug_wide=1
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let g:termdebugger='riscv32-unknown-elf-gdb'
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||||||
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||||||
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||||||
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" Disable compatibility with vi which can cause unexpected issues.
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set nocompatible
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||||||
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||||||
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" Enable type file detection. Vim will be able to try to detect the type of file in use.
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filetype on
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||||||
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||||||
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" Enable plugins and load plugin for the detected file type.
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filetype plugin on
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||||||
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||||||
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" Load an indent file for the detected file type.
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filetype indent on
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||||||
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" Turn syntax highlighting on.
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syntax on
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||||||
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||||||
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" Add numbers to each line on the left-hand side.
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set number
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||||||
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" Highlight cursor line underneath the cursor horizontally.
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set cursorline
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||||||
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||||||
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" Highlight cursor line underneath the cursor vertically.
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||||||
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"set cursorcolumn
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||||||
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||||||
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||||||
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" Set shift width to 4 spaces.
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set shiftwidth=4
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||||||
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" Set tab width to 4 columns.
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||||||
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set tabstop=4
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||||||
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" Use space characters instead of tabs.
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set expandtab
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||||||
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" Do not save backup files.
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set nobackup
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||||||
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" Do not let cursor scroll below or above N number of lines when scrolling.
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set scrolloff=10
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||||||
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||||||
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" Do not wrap lines. Allow long lines to extend as far as the line goes.
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set nowrap
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||||||
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" While searching though a file incrementally highlight matching characters as you type.
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set incsearch
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||||||
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" Ignore capital letters during search.
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set ignorecase
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||||||
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" Override the ignorecase option if searching for capital letters.
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||||||
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" This will allow you to search specifically for capital letters.
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set smartcase
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" Show partial command you type in the last line of the screen.
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set showcmd
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" Show the mode you are on the last line.
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set showmode
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||||||
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" Show matching words during a search.
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||||||
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set showmatch
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||||||
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" Use highlighting when doing a search.
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set hlsearch
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||||||
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" Set the commands to save in history default number is 20.
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set history=1000
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||||||
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" Enable auto completion menu after pressing TAB.
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set wildmenu
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" Make wildmenu behave like similar to Bash completion.
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set wildmode=list:longest
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||||||
|
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||||||
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" There are certain files that we would never want to edit with Vim.
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" Wildmenu will ignore files with these extensions.
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||||||
|
set wildignore=*.docx,*.jpg,*.png,*.gif,*.pdf,*.pyc,*.exe,*.flv,*.img,*.xlsx
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
" set colorscheme OceanicNext
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if !exists("g:slime_python_ipython")
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||||||
|
let g:slime_python_ipython = 1
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||||||
|
endif
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
let g:slime_target = "tmux"
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
" Run cell for vim-slime
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||||||
|
function! SendCell(pattern)
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let start_line = search(a:pattern, 'bnW')
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|
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||||||
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if start_line
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let start_line = start_line + 1
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else
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||||||
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let start_line = 1
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endif
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|
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||||||
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let stop_line = search(a:pattern, 'nW')
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if stop_line
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||||||
|
let stop_line = stop_line - 1
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||||||
|
else
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||||||
|
let stop_line = line('$')
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|
endif
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||||||
|
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||||||
|
call slime#send_range(start_line, stop_line)
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endfunction
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||||||
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||||||
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" Custom vim-slime mappings
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let g:slime_no_mappings = 1
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xmap <c-c><c-c> <Plug>SlimeRegionSend
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nmap <c-c><c-c> :<c-u>call SendCell('^#%%')<cr>
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nmap <c-c>v <Plug>SlimeConfig
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||||||
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||||||
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nmap <leader>c <Plug>OSCYankOperator
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nmap <leader>cc <leader>c_
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vmap <leader>c <Plug>OSCYankVisual
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||||||
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|
||||||
|
if (!has('nvim') && !has('clipboard_working'))
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" In the event that the clipboard isn't working, it's quite likely that
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" the + and * registers will not be distinct from the unnamed register. In
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" this case, a:event.regname will always be '' (empty string). However, it
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" can be the case that `has('clipboard_working')` is false, yet `+` is
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||||||
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" still distinct, so we want to check them all.
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let s:VimOSCYankPostRegisters = ['', '+', '*']
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function! s:VimOSCYankPostCallback(event)
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if a:event.operator == 'y' && index(s:VimOSCYankPostRegisters, a:event.regname) != -1
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call OSCYankRegister(a:event.regname)
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endif
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||||||
|
endfunction
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augroup VimOSCYankPost
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autocmd!
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||||||
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autocmd TextYankPost * call s:VimOSCYankPostCallback(v:event)
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||||||
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augroup END
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||||||
|
endif
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||||||
|
|
||||||
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set tags=./tags;,tags;
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||||||
|
" Map Ctrl-[ to go back in the tag stack
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||||||
|
|
||||||
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" Function to display filename aligned to the right
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||||||
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function! ShowFileNameRight()
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let l:filename = expand('%:p')
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||||||
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let l:columns = &columns
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||||||
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let l:space = l:columns - len(l:filename) - 2
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||||||
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let l:spaces = repeat(' ', l:space > 0 ? l:space : 0)
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||||||
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echo l:spaces . l:filename
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||||||
|
endfunction
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
" Autocommand to display filename in command area when entering command mode
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||||||
|
" autocmd CmdlineEnter * call ShowFileNameRight()
|
||||||
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Binary file not shown.
Binary file not shown.
18
doc/main.aux
Normal file
18
doc/main.aux
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
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|||||||
|
\relax
|
||||||
|
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1}Introduction}{1}{}\protected@file@percent }
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||||||
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\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2}Prerequisites}{1}{}\protected@file@percent }
|
||||||
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\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3}Step-by-Step Configuration}{1}{}\protected@file@percent }
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||||||
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\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.1}Creating and Setting Up the Incus Container}{1}{}\protected@file@percent }
|
||||||
|
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.2}Installing Additional Packages}{1}{}\protected@file@percent }
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||||||
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\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.3}Configuring Users and Permissions}{2}{}\protected@file@percent }
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||||||
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\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.3.1}Changing the Root Password}{2}{}\protected@file@percent }
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||||||
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\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.3.2}Adding a New User}{2}{}\protected@file@percent }
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||||||
|
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.4}Accessing the Container}{2}{}\protected@file@percent }
|
||||||
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\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.5}Installing dnsmasq}{2}{}\protected@file@percent }
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||||||
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\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.6}Configuring the Network with Netplan}{2}{}\protected@file@percent }
|
||||||
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\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.7}Configuring dnsmasq}{3}{}\protected@file@percent }
|
||||||
|
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.8}Starting and Enabling dnsmasq}{4}{}\protected@file@percent }
|
||||||
|
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.9}Testing the Configuration}{4}{}\protected@file@percent }
|
||||||
|
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4}Troubleshooting}{4}{}\protected@file@percent }
|
||||||
|
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5}Conclusion}{4}{}\protected@file@percent }
|
||||||
|
\gdef \@abspage@last{4}
|
||||||
337
doc/main.log
Normal file
337
doc/main.log
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
|
|||||||
|
This is pdfTeX, Version 3.141592653-2.6-1.40.26 (TeX Live 2025/dev/Debian) (preloaded format=pdflatex 2024.12.27) 15 MAY 2025 09:28
|
||||||
|
entering extended mode
|
||||||
|
restricted \write18 enabled.
|
||||||
|
%&-line parsing enabled.
|
||||||
|
**main
|
||||||
|
(./main.tex
|
||||||
|
LaTeX2e <2024-11-01>
|
||||||
|
L3 programming layer <2024-11-02>
|
||||||
|
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls
|
||||||
|
Document Class: article 2024/06/29 v1.4n Standard LaTeX document class
|
||||||
|
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size12.clo
|
||||||
|
File: size12.clo 2024/06/29 v1.4n Standard LaTeX file (size option)
|
||||||
|
)
|
||||||
|
\c@part=\count196
|
||||||
|
\c@section=\count197
|
||||||
|
\c@subsection=\count198
|
||||||
|
\c@subsubsection=\count199
|
||||||
|
\c@paragraph=\count266
|
||||||
|
\c@subparagraph=\count267
|
||||||
|
\c@figure=\count268
|
||||||
|
\c@table=\count269
|
||||||
|
\abovecaptionskip=\skip49
|
||||||
|
\belowcaptionskip=\skip50
|
||||||
|
\bibindent=\dimen141
|
||||||
|
)
|
||||||
|
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/inputenc.sty
|
||||||
|
Package: inputenc 2024/02/08 v1.3d Input encoding file
|
||||||
|
\inpenc@prehook=\toks17
|
||||||
|
\inpenc@posthook=\toks18
|
||||||
|
)
|
||||||
|
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/fontenc.sty
|
||||||
|
Package: fontenc 2021/04/29 v2.0v Standard LaTeX package
|
||||||
|
)
|
||||||
|
(/usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/lm/lmodern.sty
|
||||||
|
Package: lmodern 2015/05/01 v1.6.1 Latin Modern Fonts
|
||||||
|
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `operators' in version `normal'
|
||||||
|
(Font) OT1/cmr/m/n --> OT1/lmr/m/n on input line 22.
|
||||||
|
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `letters' in version `normal'
|
||||||
|
(Font) OML/cmm/m/it --> OML/lmm/m/it on input line 23.
|
||||||
|
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `symbols' in version `normal'
|
||||||
|
(Font) OMS/cmsy/m/n --> OMS/lmsy/m/n on input line 24.
|
||||||
|
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `largesymbols' in version `normal'
|
||||||
|
(Font) OMX/cmex/m/n --> OMX/lmex/m/n on input line 25.
|
||||||
|
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `operators' in version `bold'
|
||||||
|
(Font) OT1/cmr/bx/n --> OT1/lmr/bx/n on input line 26.
|
||||||
|
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `letters' in version `bold'
|
||||||
|
(Font) OML/cmm/b/it --> OML/lmm/b/it on input line 27.
|
||||||
|
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `symbols' in version `bold'
|
||||||
|
(Font) OMS/cmsy/b/n --> OMS/lmsy/b/n on input line 28.
|
||||||
|
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `largesymbols' in version `bold'
|
||||||
|
(Font) OMX/cmex/m/n --> OMX/lmex/m/n on input line 29.
|
||||||
|
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathbf' in version `normal'
|
||||||
|
(Font) OT1/cmr/bx/n --> OT1/lmr/bx/n on input line 31.
|
||||||
|
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathsf' in version `normal'
|
||||||
|
(Font) OT1/cmss/m/n --> OT1/lmss/m/n on input line 32.
|
||||||
|
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathit' in version `normal'
|
||||||
|
(Font) OT1/cmr/m/it --> OT1/lmr/m/it on input line 33.
|
||||||
|
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathtt' in version `normal'
|
||||||
|
(Font) OT1/cmtt/m/n --> OT1/lmtt/m/n on input line 34.
|
||||||
|
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathbf' in version `bold'
|
||||||
|
(Font) OT1/cmr/bx/n --> OT1/lmr/bx/n on input line 35.
|
||||||
|
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathsf' in version `bold'
|
||||||
|
(Font) OT1/cmss/bx/n --> OT1/lmss/bx/n on input line 36.
|
||||||
|
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathit' in version `bold'
|
||||||
|
(Font) OT1/cmr/bx/it --> OT1/lmr/bx/it on input line 37.
|
||||||
|
LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathtt' in version `bold'
|
||||||
|
(Font) OT1/cmtt/m/n --> OT1/lmtt/m/n on input line 38.
|
||||||
|
)
|
||||||
|
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/geometry/geometry.sty
|
||||||
|
Package: geometry 2020/01/02 v5.9 Page Geometry
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/graphics/keyval.sty
|
||||||
|
Package: keyval 2022/05/29 v1.15 key=value parser (DPC)
|
||||||
|
\KV@toks@=\toks19
|
||||||
|
)
|
||||||
|
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/iftex/ifvtex.sty
|
||||||
|
Package: ifvtex 2019/10/25 v1.7 ifvtex legacy package. Use iftex instead.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/iftex/iftex.sty
|
||||||
|
Package: iftex 2022/02/03 v1.0f TeX engine tests
|
||||||
|
))
|
||||||
|
\Gm@cnth=\count270
|
||||||
|
\Gm@cntv=\count271
|
||||||
|
\c@Gm@tempcnt=\count272
|
||||||
|
\Gm@bindingoffset=\dimen142
|
||||||
|
\Gm@wd@mp=\dimen143
|
||||||
|
\Gm@odd@mp=\dimen144
|
||||||
|
\Gm@even@mp=\dimen145
|
||||||
|
\Gm@layoutwidth=\dimen146
|
||||||
|
\Gm@layoutheight=\dimen147
|
||||||
|
\Gm@layouthoffset=\dimen148
|
||||||
|
\Gm@layoutvoffset=\dimen149
|
||||||
|
\Gm@dimlist=\toks20
|
||||||
|
)
|
||||||
|
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/listings/listings.sty
|
||||||
|
\lst@mode=\count273
|
||||||
|
\lst@gtempboxa=\box52
|
||||||
|
\lst@token=\toks21
|
||||||
|
\lst@length=\count274
|
||||||
|
\lst@currlwidth=\dimen150
|
||||||
|
\lst@column=\count275
|
||||||
|
\lst@pos=\count276
|
||||||
|
\lst@lostspace=\dimen151
|
||||||
|
\lst@width=\dimen152
|
||||||
|
\lst@newlines=\count277
|
||||||
|
\lst@lineno=\count278
|
||||||
|
\lst@maxwidth=\dimen153
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/listings/lstpatch.sty
|
||||||
|
File: lstpatch.sty 2024/09/23 1.10c (Carsten Heinz)
|
||||||
|
)
|
||||||
|
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/listings/lstmisc.sty
|
||||||
|
File: lstmisc.sty 2024/09/23 1.10c (Carsten Heinz)
|
||||||
|
\c@lstnumber=\count279
|
||||||
|
\lst@skipnumbers=\count280
|
||||||
|
\lst@framebox=\box53
|
||||||
|
)
|
||||||
|
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/listings/listings.cfg
|
||||||
|
File: listings.cfg 2024/09/23 1.10c listings configuration
|
||||||
|
))
|
||||||
|
Package: listings 2024/09/23 1.10c (Carsten Heinz)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/xcolor/xcolor.sty
|
||||||
|
Package: xcolor 2024/09/29 v3.02 LaTeX color extensions (UK)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
(/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/graphics-cfg/color.cfg
|
||||||
|
File: color.cfg 2016/01/02 v1.6 sample color configuration
|
||||||
|
)
|
||||||
|
Package xcolor Info: Driver file: pdftex.def on input line 274.
|
||||||
|
|
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|
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|
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|
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[]
|
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|
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[3]
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[4] (./main.aux)
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|
***********
|
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LaTeX2e <2024-11-01>
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@ -1,273 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
---
|
|
||||||
title: Basic Configuration of dnsmasq in an Incus Container on Debian
|
|
||||||
with Netplan
|
|
||||||
---
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Introduction
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This guide provides step-by-step instructions for setting up `dnsmasq`
|
|
||||||
as a DNS and DHCP server in an Incus container running Debian. The
|
|
||||||
network configuration is managed using Netplan to ensure proper network
|
|
||||||
integration.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Prerequisites
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Before proceeding, ensure the following:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- Incus is installed on the host system (`sudo apt install incus`).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- A Debian-based container is created in Incus.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- Basic knowledge of Linux networking and container management.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- Root or sudo access to the host and container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Step-by-Step Configuration
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Creating and Setting Up the Incus Container
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Create a Debian container named `deb1` using the following commands on
|
|
||||||
the host:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus create images:debian/12 deb1
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.syscalls.intercept.mount true
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.nesting true
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.privileged true
|
|
||||||
incus start deb1
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The `security.syscalls.intercept.mount`, `security.nesting`, and
|
|
||||||
`security.privileged` settings are required for `dnsmasq` and Docker to
|
|
||||||
function correctly in the container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Firewall Configuration
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To allow traffic forwarding between the `incusbr0` bridge and the `wlo1`
|
|
||||||
wireless interface, the following iptables rules are applied:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i incusbr0 -o wlo1 -j ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i wlo1 -o incusbr0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Installing Additional Packages
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Install the necessary packages inside the container:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt update
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt install -y \
|
|
||||||
netplan.io \
|
|
||||||
sudo vim nano git tmux mc zip unzip curl wget htop lynx \
|
|
||||||
iproute2 termshark bridge-utils \
|
|
||||||
python3 python3-ipython python3-pyroute2 python3-scapy \
|
|
||||||
docker.io docker-compose
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Configuring Users and Permissions
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Configure user access and permissions within the container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Changing the Root Password
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Set the root password to \"passroot\":
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- bash -c 'echo "root:passroot" | chpasswd'
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Adding a New User
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Add a new user named \"user\" with the password \"pass\" and add them to
|
|
||||||
the \"sudo\" and \"docker\" groups:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash -G sudo user && echo 'user:pass' | sudo chpasswd
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Accessing the Container
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Access the container's shell:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- su - user
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Setting Up a Veth Pair Between Container and Network Namespace
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To enable direct communication between a container and a network
|
|
||||||
namespace, a virtual Ethernet (`veth`) pair is created. The following
|
|
||||||
Python script (`link.py`) is used to create a `veth` pair between the
|
|
||||||
`deb1` (an Incus container) and the `ns1` network namespace, with
|
|
||||||
interfaces named `vA` and `vB`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
sudo python3 link.py -n1 vA -t2 incus -ns2 deb1 -n2 vB
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This command:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- Creates a `veth` pair with one end (`vA`) in the default namespace
|
|
||||||
and the other end (`vB`) in the `deb1`'s network namespace.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- Ensures the interfaces are set up and operational, allowing network
|
|
||||||
traffic to flow between the container and the `ns1` namespace (or
|
|
||||||
default namespace if `ns1` is not explicitly created).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The script uses the `pyroute2` library to manage network interfaces and
|
|
||||||
namespaces, and supports container types such as Incus, LXC, LXD, and
|
|
||||||
Docker. Ensure the `deb1` is running in Incus before executing the
|
|
||||||
command.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Configuring the Network with Netplan
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Configure the container's network using Netplan to assign a static IP
|
|
||||||
address. Create or edit the Netplan configuration file at
|
|
||||||
`/etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml`:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nano /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Add the following configuration:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.yaml language="yaml"}
|
|
||||||
network:
|
|
||||||
version: 2
|
|
||||||
ethernets:
|
|
||||||
vB:
|
|
||||||
dhcp4: no
|
|
||||||
addresses:
|
|
||||||
- 192.168.1.10/24
|
|
||||||
routes:
|
|
||||||
- to: default
|
|
||||||
via: 192.168.1.1
|
|
||||||
nameservers:
|
|
||||||
addresses: [8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4]
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Apply the configuration:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- netplan apply
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Installing dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Update the package list and install `dnsmasq`:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt update
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt install dnsmasq -y
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Configuring dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Edit the `dnsmasq` configuration file at `/etc/dnsmasq.conf`:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Add or modify the following settings to enable DNS and DHCP:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# DNS settings
|
|
||||||
domain-needed
|
|
||||||
bogus-priv
|
|
||||||
no-resolv
|
|
||||||
server=8.8.8.8
|
|
||||||
server=8.8.4.4
|
|
||||||
local=/example.local/
|
|
||||||
domain=example.local
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# DHCP settings
|
|
||||||
dhcp-range=192.168.1.100,192.168.1.200,12h
|
|
||||||
dhcp-option=3,192.168.1.1
|
|
||||||
dhcp-option=6,8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**Explanation:**
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- `domain-needed`: Prevents incomplete domain names from being sent to
|
|
||||||
upstream DNS.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- `bogus-priv`: Blocks reverse DNS lookups for private IP ranges.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- `no-resolv`: Disables reading `/etc/resolv.conf`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- `server`: Specifies upstream DNS servers (Google DNS in this case).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- `local` and `domain`: Configures a local domain.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- `dhcp-range`: Defines the IP range for DHCP clients (from
|
|
||||||
192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.200, lease time 12 hours).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- `dhcp-option`: Sets the default gateway (option 3) and DNS servers
|
|
||||||
(option 6).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## System-Level Adjustments for Network Stability
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In some cases, especially in nested or privileged containers, additional
|
|
||||||
system-level adjustments are necessary to ensure proper network
|
|
||||||
functionality and avoid conflicts.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To remount the `/sys` filesystem as read-write (required if certain
|
|
||||||
networking tools fail due to mount restrictions):
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
sudo mount -o remount,rw /sys
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl restart systemd-udevd
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Additionally, to prevent DNS conflicts with `systemd-resolved`, which
|
|
||||||
may interfere with `dnsmasq`, stop and disable the service:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl stop systemd-resolved
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl disable systemd-resolved
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This ensures that `dnsmasq` can bind to port 53 without conflicts. If
|
|
||||||
you require `systemd-resolved`, consider configuring it to listen on a
|
|
||||||
different interface or using socket activation.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Starting and Enabling dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Restart and enable the `dnsmasq` service:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl restart dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl enable dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Verify that `dnsmasq` is running:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl status dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Testing the Configuration
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Test DNS resolution from within the container:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
``` {.bash language="bash"}
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nslookup example.local 192.168.1.10
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To test DHCP, connect a client device to the same network and verify
|
|
||||||
that it receives an IP address in the range
|
|
||||||
`192.168.1.100–192.168.1.200`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Troubleshooting
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If `dnsmasq` fails to start:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- Check the logs: `incus exec deb1 – journalctl -u dnsmasq`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- Ensure no other service is using port 53 (DNS) or 67 (DHCP).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\- Verify the network configuration with `incus exec deb1 – ip a` and
|
|
||||||
`incus exec deb1 – ping 8.8.8.8`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Conclusion
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This guide configures `dnsmasq` as a DNS and DHCP server in an Incus
|
|
||||||
container on Debian. The Netplan configuration ensures proper network
|
|
||||||
setup. For advanced configurations, refer to the `dnsmasq` documentation
|
|
||||||
(`man dnsmasq`).
|
|
||||||
BIN
doc/main.pdf
BIN
doc/main.pdf
Binary file not shown.
173
doc/main.tex
173
doc/main.tex
@ -44,44 +44,31 @@ This guide provides step-by-step instructions for setting up \texttt{dnsmasq} as
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Prerequisites}
|
\section{Prerequisites}
|
||||||
Before proceeding, ensure the following:
|
Before proceeding, ensure the following:
|
||||||
|
\begin{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\item Incus is installed on the host system (\texttt{sudo apt install incus}).
|
||||||
- Incus is installed on the host system (\texttt{sudo apt install incus}).
|
\item A Debian-based container is created in Incus.
|
||||||
|
\item Basic knowledge of Linux networking and container management.
|
||||||
- A Debian-based container is created in Incus.
|
\item Root or sudo access to the host and container.
|
||||||
|
\end{itemize}
|
||||||
- Basic knowledge of Linux networking and container management.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Root or sudo access to the host and container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Step-by-Step Configuration}
|
\section{Step-by-Step Configuration}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Creating and Setting Up the Incus Container}
|
\subsection{Creating and Setting Up the Incus Container}
|
||||||
Create a Debian container named \texttt{deb1} using the following commands on the host:
|
Create a Debian container named \texttt{deb2} using the following commands on the host:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus create images:debian/12 deb1
|
incus create images:debian/12 deb2
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.syscalls.intercept.mount true
|
incus config set deb2 security.syscalls.intercept.mount true
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.nesting true
|
incus config set deb2 security.nesting true
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.privileged true
|
incus config set deb2 security.privileged true
|
||||||
incus start deb1
|
incus start deb2
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
The \texttt{security.syscalls.intercept.mount}, \texttt{security.nesting}, and \texttt{security.privileged} settings are required for \texttt{dnsmasq} and Docker to function correctly in the container.
|
The \texttt{security.syscalls.intercept.mount}, \texttt{security.nesting}, and \texttt{security.privileged} settings are required for \texttt{dnsmasq} and Docker to function correctly in the container.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Firewall Configuration}
|
|
||||||
To allow traffic forwarding between the \texttt{incusbr0} bridge and the \texttt{wlo1} wireless interface, the following iptables rules are applied:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i incusbr0 -o wlo1 -j ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i wlo1 -o incusbr0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
sudo iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlistingi}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Installing Additional Packages}
|
\subsection{Installing Additional Packages}
|
||||||
Install the necessary packages inside the container:
|
Install the necessary packages inside the container:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt update
|
incus exec deb2 -- apt update
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt install -y \
|
incus exec deb2 -- apt install -y \
|
||||||
netplan.io \
|
netplan.io \
|
||||||
sudo vim nano git tmux mc zip unzip curl wget htop lynx \
|
sudo vim nano git tmux mc zip unzip curl wget htop lynx \
|
||||||
iproute2 termshark bridge-utils \
|
iproute2 termshark bridge-utils \
|
||||||
@ -95,49 +82,56 @@ Configure user access and permissions within the container.
|
|||||||
\subsubsection{Changing the Root Password}
|
\subsubsection{Changing the Root Password}
|
||||||
Set the root password to "passroot":
|
Set the root password to "passroot":
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- bash -c 'echo "root:passroot" | chpasswd'
|
incus exec deb2 -- bash -c 'echo "root:passroot" | chpasswd'
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsubsection{Adding a New User}
|
\subsubsection{Adding a New User}
|
||||||
Add a new user named "user" with the password "pass" and add them to the "sudo" and "docker" groups:
|
Add a new user named "user" with the password "pass" and add them to the "sudo" and "docker" groups:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash -G sudo user && echo 'user:pass' | sudo chpasswd
|
incus exec deb2 -- useradd -m -s /bin/bash user
|
||||||
|
incus exec deb2 -- bash -c 'echo "user:pass" | chpasswd'
|
||||||
|
incus exec deb2 -- usermod -aG sudo user
|
||||||
|
incus exec deb2 -- usermod -aG docker user
|
||||||
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
After creating the user, you can also transfer configuration files such as \texttt{.tmux.conf} and \texttt{.vimrc} from your local machine to the home directory of the newly created user inside the container:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
|
incus file push .tmux.conf deb2/home/user/
|
||||||
|
incus file push .vimrc deb2/home/user/
|
||||||
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To enhance the functionality of Vim, it's recommended to install a plugin manager such as \texttt{vim-plug}. This can be done by downloading the plugin manager directly into the user's Vim configuration directory using the following command:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
|
curl -fLo ~/.vim/autoload/plug.vim --create-dirs \\
|
||||||
|
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/junegunn/vim-plug/master/plug.vim
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Accessing the Container}
|
\subsection{Accessing the Container}
|
||||||
Access the container's shell:
|
Access the container's shell:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- su - user
|
incus exec deb2 -- bash
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Setting Up a Veth Pair Between Container and Network Namespace}
|
\subsection{Installing dnsmasq}
|
||||||
To enable direct communication between a container and a network namespace, a virtual Ethernet (\texttt{veth}) pair is created. The following Python script (\texttt{link.py}) is used to create a \texttt{veth} pair between the \texttt{deb1} (an Incus container) and the \texttt{ns1} network namespace, with interfaces named \texttt{vA} and \texttt{vB}.
|
Update the package list and install \texttt{dnsmasq}:
|
||||||
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}
|
incus exec deb2 -- apt update
|
||||||
sudo python3 link.py -n1 vA -t2 incus -ns2 deb1 -n2 vB
|
incus exec deb2 -- apt install dnsmasq -y
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This command:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Creates a \texttt{veth} pair with one end (\texttt{vA}) in the default namespace and the other end (\texttt{vB}) in the \texttt{deb1}'s network namespace.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Ensures the interfaces are set up and operational, allowing network traffic to flow between the container and the \texttt{ns1} namespace (or default namespace if \texttt{ns1} is not explicitly created).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The script uses the \texttt{pyroute2} library to manage network interfaces and namespaces, and supports container types such as Incus, LXC, LXD, and Docker. Ensure the \texttt{deb1} is running in Incus before executing the command.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Configuring the Network with Netplan}
|
\subsection{Configuring the Network with Netplan}
|
||||||
Configure the container's network using Netplan to assign a static IP address. Create or edit the Netplan configuration file at \texttt{/etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml}:
|
Configure the container's network using Netplan to assign a static IP address. Create or edit the Netplan configuration file at \texttt{/etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml}:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nano /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
|
incus exec deb2 -- nano /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
Add the following configuration:
|
Add the following configuration:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=yaml]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=yaml]
|
||||||
network:
|
network:
|
||||||
version: 2
|
version: 2
|
||||||
ethernets:
|
ethernets:
|
||||||
vB:
|
eth0:
|
||||||
dhcp4: no
|
dhcp4: no
|
||||||
addresses:
|
addresses:
|
||||||
- 192.168.1.10/24
|
- 192.168.1.10/24
|
||||||
@ -149,23 +143,15 @@ network:
|
|||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
Apply the configuration:
|
Apply the configuration:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- netplan apply
|
incus exec deb2 -- netplan apply
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Installing dnsmasq}
|
|
||||||
Update the package list and install \texttt{dnsmasq}:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt update
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt install dnsmasq -y
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Configuring dnsmasq}
|
\subsection{Configuring dnsmasq}
|
||||||
Edit the \texttt{dnsmasq} configuration file at \texttt{/etc/dnsmasq.conf}:
|
Edit the \texttt{dnsmasq} configuration file at \texttt{/etc/dnsmasq.conf}:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf
|
incus exec deb2 -- nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
Add or modify the following settings to enable DNS and DHCP:
|
Add or modify the following settings to enable DNS and DHCP:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}
|
\begin{lstlisting}
|
||||||
# DNS settings
|
# DNS settings
|
||||||
domain-needed
|
domain-needed
|
||||||
@ -179,80 +165,45 @@ domain=example.local
|
|||||||
# DHCP settings
|
# DHCP settings
|
||||||
dhcp-range=192.168.1.100,192.168.1.200,12h
|
dhcp-range=192.168.1.100,192.168.1.200,12h
|
||||||
dhcp-option=3,192.168.1.1
|
dhcp-option=3,192.168.1.1
|
||||||
|
dhcp-option=6,8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4
|
||||||
# Opcja DHCP numer 6 (dhcp-option=6) służy do ustawiania adresu serwera DNS dla klientów DHCP
|
|
||||||
dhcp-option=6,192.168.1.10
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\textbf{Explanation:}
|
\textbf{Explanation:}
|
||||||
|
\begin{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\item \texttt{domain-needed}: Prevents incomplete domain names from being sent to upstream DNS.
|
||||||
- \texttt{domain-needed}: Prevents incomplete domain names from being sent to upstream DNS.
|
\item \texttt{bogus-priv}: Blocks reverse DNS lookups for private IP ranges.
|
||||||
|
\item \texttt{no-resolv}: Disables reading \texttt{/etc/resolv.conf}.
|
||||||
- \texttt{bogus-priv}: Blocks reverse DNS lookups for private IP ranges.
|
\item \texttt{server}: Specifies upstream DNS servers (Google DNS in this case).
|
||||||
|
\item \texttt{local} and \texttt{domain}: Configures a local domain.
|
||||||
- \texttt{no-resolv}: Disables reading \texttt{/etc/resolv.conf}.
|
\item \texttt{dhcp-range}: Defines the IP range for DHCP clients (from 192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.200, lease time 12 hours).
|
||||||
|
\item \texttt{dhcp-option}: Sets the default gateway (option 3) and DNS servers (option 6).
|
||||||
- \texttt{server}: Specifies upstream DNS servers (Google DNS in this case).
|
\end{itemize}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{local} and \texttt{domain}: Configures a local domain.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{dhcp-range}: Defines the IP range for DHCP clients (from 192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.200, lease time 12 hours).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{dhcp-option}: Sets the default gateway (option 3) and DNS servers (option 6).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
% ————————————————————————————————
|
|
||||||
% 🔧 NOWA SEKCJA: System-Level Adjustments
|
|
||||||
% ————————————————————————————————
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{System-Level Adjustments for Network Stability}
|
|
||||||
In some cases, especially in nested or privileged containers, additional system-level adjustments are necessary to ensure proper network functionality and avoid conflicts.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To remount the \texttt{/sys} filesystem as read-write (required if certain networking tools fail due to mount restrictions):
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
sudo mount -o remount,rw /sys
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl restart systemd-udevd
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Additionally, to prevent DNS conflicts with \texttt{systemd-resolved}, which may interfere with \texttt{dnsmasq}, stop and disable the service:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl stop systemd-resolved
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl disable systemd-resolved
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This ensures that \texttt{dnsmasq} can bind to port 53 without conflicts. If you require \texttt{systemd-resolved}, consider configuring it to listen on a different interface or using socket activation.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
% ————————————————————————————————
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Starting and Enabling dnsmasq}
|
\subsection{Starting and Enabling dnsmasq}
|
||||||
Restart and enable the \texttt{dnsmasq} service:
|
Restart and enable the \texttt{dnsmasq} service:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl restart dnsmasq
|
incus exec deb2 -- systemctl restart dnsmasq
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl enable dnsmasq
|
incus exec deb2 -- systemctl enable dnsmasq
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
Verify that \texttt{dnsmasq} is running:
|
Verify that \texttt{dnsmasq} is running:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl status dnsmasq
|
incus exec deb2 -- systemctl status dnsmasq
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Testing the Configuration}
|
\subsection{Testing the Configuration}
|
||||||
Test DNS resolution from within the container:
|
Test DNS resolution from within the container:
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nslookup example.local 192.168.1.10
|
incus exec deb2 -- nslookup example.local 192.168.1.10
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
\end{lstlisting}
|
||||||
To test DHCP, connect a client device to the same network and verify that it receives an IP address in the range \texttt{192.168.1.100--192.168.1.200}.
|
To test DHCP, connect a client device to the same network and verify that it receives an IP address in the range \texttt{192.168.1.100--192.168.1.200}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Troubleshooting}
|
\section{Troubleshooting}
|
||||||
If \texttt{dnsmasq} fails to start:
|
If \texttt{dnsmasq} fails to start:
|
||||||
|
\begin{itemize}
|
||||||
|
\item Check the logs: \texttt{incus exec deb2 -- journalctl -u dnsmasq}.
|
||||||
- Check the logs: \texttt{incus exec deb1 -- journalctl -u dnsmasq}.
|
\item Ensure no other service is using port 53 (DNS) or 67 (DHCP).
|
||||||
|
\item Verify the network configuration with \texttt{incus exec deb2 -- ip a} and \texttt{incus exec deb2 -- ping 8.8.8.8}.
|
||||||
- Ensure no other service is using port 53 (DNS) or 67 (DHCP).
|
\end{itemize}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Verify the network configuration with \texttt{incus exec deb1 -- ip a} and \texttt{incus exec deb1 -- ping 8.8.8.8}.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Conclusion}
|
\section{Conclusion}
|
||||||
This guide configures \texttt{dnsmasq} as a DNS and DHCP server in an Incus container on Debian. The Netplan configuration ensures proper network setup. For advanced configurations, refer to the \texttt{dnsmasq} documentation (\texttt{man dnsmasq}).
|
This guide configures \texttt{dnsmasq} as a DNS and DHCP server in an Incus container on Debian. The Netplan configuration ensures proper network setup. For advanced configurations, refer to the \texttt{dnsmasq} documentation (\texttt{man dnsmasq}).
|
||||||
|
|||||||
257
doc/~
257
doc/~
@ -1,257 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}
|
|
||||||
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
|
|
||||||
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
|
|
||||||
\usepackage{lmodern}
|
|
||||||
\usepackage{geometry}
|
|
||||||
\geometry{margin=1in}
|
|
||||||
\usepackage{listings}
|
|
||||||
\usepackage{xcolor}
|
|
||||||
\usepackage{parskip}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\lstset{
|
|
||||||
basicstyle=\ttfamily\small,
|
|
||||||
breaklines=true,
|
|
||||||
frame=single,
|
|
||||||
numbers=left,
|
|
||||||
numberstyle=\tiny,
|
|
||||||
keywordstyle=\color{blue},
|
|
||||||
commentstyle=\color{gray},
|
|
||||||
stringstyle=\color{red}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
% Define YAML language for listings
|
|
||||||
\lstdefinelanguage{yaml}{
|
|
||||||
keywords={true,false,null,yaml,network,version,ethernets,dhcp4,addresses,routes,to,via,nameservers},
|
|
||||||
keywordstyle=\color{blue}\bfseries,
|
|
||||||
basicstyle=\ttfamily\small,
|
|
||||||
sensitive=false,
|
|
||||||
comment=[l]{\#},
|
|
||||||
commentstyle=\color{gray}\itshape,
|
|
||||||
stringstyle=\color{red},
|
|
||||||
morestring=[b]{"},
|
|
||||||
morestring=[b]{'}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{document}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\title{Basic Configuration of dnsmasq in an Incus Container on Debian with Netplan}
|
|
||||||
\author{}
|
|
||||||
\date{}
|
|
||||||
\maketitle
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Introduction}
|
|
||||||
This guide provides step-by-step instructions for setting up \texttt{dnsmasq} as a DNS and DHCP server in an Incus container running Debian. The network configuration is managed using Netplan to ensure proper network integration.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Prerequisites}
|
|
||||||
Before proceeding, ensure the following:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Incus is installed on the host system (\texttt{sudo apt install incus}).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- A Debian-based container is created in Incus.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Basic knowledge of Linux networking and container management.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Root or sudo access to the host and container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Step-by-Step Configuration}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Creating and Setting Up the Incus Container}
|
|
||||||
Create a Debian container named \texttt{deb1} using the following commands on the host:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus create images:debian/12 deb1
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.syscalls.intercept.mount true
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.nesting true
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.privileged true
|
|
||||||
incus start deb1
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
The \texttt{security.syscalls.intercept.mount}, \texttt{security.nesting}, and \texttt{security.privileged} settings are required for \texttt{dnsmasq} and Docker to function correctly in the container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Firewall Configuration}
|
|
||||||
To allow traffic forwarding between the \texttt{incusbr0} bridge and the \texttt{wlo1} wireless interface, the following iptables rules are applied:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i incusbr0 -o wlo1 -j ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i wlo1 -o incusbr0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
sudo iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlistingi}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Installing Additional Packages}
|
|
||||||
Install the necessary packages inside the container:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt update
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt install -y \
|
|
||||||
netplan.io \
|
|
||||||
sudo vim nano git tmux mc zip unzip curl wget htop lynx \
|
|
||||||
iproute2 termshark bridge-utils \
|
|
||||||
python3 python3-ipython python3-pyroute2 python3-scapy \
|
|
||||||
docker.io docker-compose
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Configuring Users and Permissions}
|
|
||||||
Configure user access and permissions within the container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsubsection{Changing the Root Password}
|
|
||||||
Set the root password to "passroot":
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- bash -c 'echo "root:passroot" | chpasswd'
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsubsection{Adding a New User}
|
|
||||||
Add a new user named "user" with the password "pass" and add them to the "sudo" and "docker" groups:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash -G sudo user && echo 'user:pass' | sudo chpasswd
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Accessing the Container}
|
|
||||||
Access the container's shell:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- su - user
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Setting Up a Veth Pair Between Container and Network Namespace}
|
|
||||||
To enable direct communication between a container and a network namespace, a virtual Ethernet (\texttt{veth}) pair is created. The following Python script (\texttt{link.py}) is used to create a \texttt{veth} pair between the \texttt{deb1} (an Incus container) and the \texttt{ns1} network namespace, with interfaces named \texttt{vA} and \texttt{vB}.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
sudo python3 link.py -n1 vA -t2 incus -ns2 deb1 -n2 vB
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This command:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Creates a \texttt{veth} pair with one end (\texttt{vA}) in the default namespace and the other end (\texttt{vB}) in the \texttt{deb1}'s network namespace.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Ensures the interfaces are set up and operational, allowing network traffic to flow between the container and the \texttt{ns1} namespace (or default namespace if \texttt{ns1} is not explicitly created).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The script uses the \texttt{pyroute2} library to manage network interfaces and namespaces, and supports container types such as Incus, LXC, LXD, and Docker. Ensure the \texttt{deb1} is running in Incus before executing the command.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Configuring the Network with Netplan}
|
|
||||||
Configure the container's network using Netplan to assign a static IP address. Create or edit the Netplan configuration file at \texttt{/etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml}:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nano /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
Add the following configuration:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=yaml]
|
|
||||||
network:
|
|
||||||
version: 2
|
|
||||||
ethernets:
|
|
||||||
vB:
|
|
||||||
dhcp4: no
|
|
||||||
addresses:
|
|
||||||
- 192.168.1.10/24
|
|
||||||
routes:
|
|
||||||
- to: default
|
|
||||||
via: 192.168.1.1
|
|
||||||
nameservers:
|
|
||||||
addresses: [8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4]
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
Apply the configuration:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- netplan apply
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Installing dnsmasq}
|
|
||||||
Update the package list and install \texttt{dnsmasq}:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt update
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt install dnsmasq -y
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Configuring dnsmasq}
|
|
||||||
Edit the \texttt{dnsmasq} configuration file at \texttt{/etc/dnsmasq.conf}:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
Add or modify the following settings to enable DNS and DHCP:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
# DNS settings
|
|
||||||
domain-needed
|
|
||||||
bogus-priv
|
|
||||||
no-resolv
|
|
||||||
server=8.8.8.8
|
|
||||||
server=8.8.4.4
|
|
||||||
local=/example.local/
|
|
||||||
domain=example.local
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# DHCP settings
|
|
||||||
dhcp-range=192.168.1.100,192.168.1.200,12h
|
|
||||||
dhcp-option=3,192.168.1.1
|
|
||||||
dhcp-option=6,8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\textbf{Explanation:}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{domain-needed}: Prevents incomplete domain names from being sent to upstream DNS.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{bogus-priv}: Blocks reverse DNS lookups for private IP ranges.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{no-resolv}: Disables reading \texttt{/etc/resolv.conf}.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{server}: Specifies upstream DNS servers (Google DNS in this case).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{local} and \texttt{domain}: Configures a local domain.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{dhcp-range}: Defines the IP range for DHCP clients (from 192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.200, lease time 12 hours).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- \texttt{dhcp-option}: Sets the default gateway (option 3) and DNS servers (option 6).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
% ————————————————————————————————
|
|
||||||
% 🔧 NOWA SEKCJA: System-Level Adjustments
|
|
||||||
% ————————————————————————————————
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{System-Level Adjustments for Network Stability}
|
|
||||||
In some cases, especially in nested or privileged containers, additional system-level adjustments are necessary to ensure proper network functionality and avoid conflicts.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To remount the \texttt{/sys} filesystem as read-write (required if certain networking tools fail due to mount restrictions):
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
sudo mount -o remount,rw /sys
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl restart systemd-udevd
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Additionally, to prevent DNS conflicts with \texttt{systemd-resolved}, which may interfere with \texttt{dnsmasq}, stop and disable the service:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl stop systemd-resolved
|
|
||||||
sudo systemctl disable systemd-resolved
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This ensures that \texttt{dnsmasq} can bind to port 53 without conflicts. If you require \texttt{systemd-resolved}, consider configuring it to listen on a different interface or using socket activation.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
% ————————————————————————————————
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Starting and Enabling dnsmasq}
|
|
||||||
Restart and enable the \texttt{dnsmasq} service:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl restart dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl enable dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
Verify that \texttt{dnsmasq} is running:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl status dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\subsection{Testing the Configuration}
|
|
||||||
Test DNS resolution from within the container:
|
|
||||||
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash]
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nslookup example.local 192.168.1.10
|
|
||||||
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
||||||
To test DHCP, connect a client device to the same network and verify that it receives an IP address in the range \texttt{192.168.1.100--192.168.1.200}.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Troubleshooting}
|
|
||||||
If \texttt{dnsmasq} fails to start:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Check the logs: \texttt{incus exec deb1 -- journalctl -u dnsmasq}.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Ensure no other service is using port 53 (DNS) or 67 (DHCP).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- Verify the network configuration with \texttt{incus exec deb1 -- ip a} and \texttt{incus exec deb1 -- ping 8.8.8.8}.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\section{Conclusion}
|
|
||||||
This guide configures \texttt{dnsmasq} as a DNS and DHCP server in an Incus container on Debian. The Netplan configuration ensures proper network setup. For advanced configurations, refer to the \texttt{dnsmasq} documentation (\texttt{man dnsmasq}).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end{document}
|
|
||||||
430
py/link.py
430
py/link.py
@ -1,430 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
import argparse
|
|
||||||
import os
|
|
||||||
import subprocess
|
|
||||||
import sys
|
|
||||||
from pyroute2 import IPRoute, NetNS
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
class NetworkNamespaceManager:
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Provides functionalities to manage network namespaces.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Network namespaces partition network resources such as network links,
|
|
||||||
IP addresses, and port numbers into disjoint sets.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@staticmethod
|
|
||||||
def list_netns():
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
List all available network namespaces.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Scans the '/var/run/netns' directory and prints out all
|
|
||||||
the network namespace files present. If no namespaces are found, it
|
|
||||||
prints a message indicating that.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
netns_dir = "/var/run/netns"
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
netns_files = os.listdir(netns_dir)
|
|
||||||
if netns_files:
|
|
||||||
print("List of available network namespaces:")
|
|
||||||
for netns_file in netns_files:
|
|
||||||
print(f"- {netns_file}")
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
print("No network namespaces found.")
|
|
||||||
except OSError as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error listing network namespaces: {e}")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
class ContainerNetnsExposer:
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Responsible for exposing network namespaces of containers.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Supports Docker, LXC, LXD, and Incus containers, allowing the user to interact
|
|
||||||
with their network namespaces.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def __init__(self):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Initializes the ContainerNetnsExposer instance.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
self.netns_pid = None
|
|
||||||
self.netns_path = None
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def expose_container_netns(self, container_id_or_name, container_type='docker'):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Expose the network namespace of a specified container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
container_id_or_name (str): The identifier or name of the container.
|
|
||||||
container_type (str): The type of the container ('docker', 'lxc', 'lxd', or 'incus').
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Returns:
|
|
||||||
str: The PID of the container as a string.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
SystemExit: If the container type is unsupported or if there is an error
|
|
||||||
in retrieving the container's PID.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
if container_type == 'docker':
|
|
||||||
self.get_docker_container_pid(container_id_or_name)
|
|
||||||
elif container_type in ('lxc', 'lxd', 'incus'):
|
|
||||||
self.get_lxc_container_pid(container_id_or_name, container_type)
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
print("Unsupported container type. Only 'docker', 'lxc', 'lxd', and 'incus' are supported.")
|
|
||||||
sys.exit(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
self.create_netns_directory()
|
|
||||||
self.create_or_remove_netns_symlink()
|
|
||||||
return str(self.netns_pid)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def get_docker_container_pid(self, container_id_or_name):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Retrieve the PID of a Docker container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
container_id_or_name (str): The identifier or name of the Docker container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
SystemExit: If there is an error in retrieving the Docker container's PID.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
self.netns_pid = subprocess.check_output(
|
|
||||||
["sudo", "docker", "inspect", "-f", "{{.State.Pid}}", container_id_or_name],
|
|
||||||
universal_newlines=True
|
|
||||||
).strip()
|
|
||||||
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
|
|
||||||
print("Error retrieving Docker container PID. Make sure the container exists and is running.")
|
|
||||||
sys.exit(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def get_lxc_container_pid(self, container_name, container_type='lxc'):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Retrieve the PID of an LXC, LXD, or Incus container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
container_name (str): The name of the container.
|
|
||||||
container_type (str): The type of the container ('lxc', 'lxd', or 'incus').
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
SystemExit: If there is an error in retrieving the container's PID.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
if container_type == 'lxc':
|
|
||||||
output = subprocess.check_output(
|
|
||||||
["lxc-info", "-n", container_name, "-p"],
|
|
||||||
universal_newlines=True
|
|
||||||
)
|
|
||||||
self.netns_pid = output.strip().split()[-1]
|
|
||||||
elif container_type == 'lxd':
|
|
||||||
output = subprocess.check_output(
|
|
||||||
["sudo", "lxc", "info", container_name],
|
|
||||||
universal_newlines=True
|
|
||||||
)
|
|
||||||
for line in output.splitlines():
|
|
||||||
if line.strip().startswith("PID:"):
|
|
||||||
self.netns_pid = line.split(':')[1].strip()
|
|
||||||
break
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
print(f"PID not found in 'lxc info' output for container '{container_name}'.")
|
|
||||||
sys.exit(1)
|
|
||||||
elif container_type == 'incus':
|
|
||||||
output = subprocess.check_output(
|
|
||||||
["sudo", "incus", "info", container_name],
|
|
||||||
universal_newlines=True
|
|
||||||
)
|
|
||||||
for line in output.splitlines():
|
|
||||||
if line.strip().startswith("PID:"):
|
|
||||||
self.netns_pid = line.split(':')[1].strip()
|
|
||||||
break
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
print(f"PID not found in 'incus info' output for container '{container_name}'.")
|
|
||||||
sys.exit(1)
|
|
||||||
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error retrieving {container_type.upper()} container PID for '{container_name}'. Error: {e}")
|
|
||||||
sys.exit(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def create_netns_directory(self):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Create the network namespace directory if it does not exist.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Ensures that the directory '/var/run/netns' exists, which is used
|
|
||||||
to store network namespace symlinks.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
subprocess.run(["sudo", "mkdir", "-p", "/var/run/netns"], check=True)
|
|
||||||
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error creating network namespace directory: {e.stderr.strip()}")
|
|
||||||
sys.exit(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def create_or_remove_netns_symlink(self):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Create or remove a symlink to the network namespace of a container.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Sets up a symlink in '/var/run/netns', pointing to the network namespace
|
|
||||||
of the container identified by its PID. If a symlink with the same name
|
|
||||||
already exists, it is removed before creating a new one.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
self.netns_path = f"/var/run/netns/{self.netns_pid}"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
if os.path.exists(self.netns_path):
|
|
||||||
subprocess.run(["sudo", "rm", "-rf", self.netns_path], check=True)
|
|
||||||
subprocess.run(["sudo", "ln", "-s", f"/proc/{self.netns_pid}/ns/net", self.netns_path], check=True)
|
|
||||||
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error creating or removing symlink: {e}")
|
|
||||||
sys.exit(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
class IfaceManager:
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Manages network interfaces, including creation, deletion, and configuration
|
|
||||||
of veth pairs, VLANs, and bridges.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def delete(self, iface_name, namespace=None):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Delete a network interface.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
iface_name (str): The name of the interface to delete.
|
|
||||||
namespace (str, optional): The network namespace where the interface exists.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
Exception: If the interface cannot be deleted.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
if namespace:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = NetNS(namespace)
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = IPRoute()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
with context_manager as ns:
|
|
||||||
iface_idx_list = ns.link_lookup(ifname=iface_name)
|
|
||||||
if not iface_idx_list:
|
|
||||||
raise ValueError(f"Interface {iface_name} not found.")
|
|
||||||
iface_idx = iface_idx_list[0]
|
|
||||||
ns.link('del', index=iface_idx)
|
|
||||||
except Exception as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error deleting interface {iface_name} in namespace {namespace}: {e}")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def create_veth(self, iface1, iface2, namespace=None):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Create a veth pair.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
iface1 (str): The name of the first interface.
|
|
||||||
iface2 (str): The name of the second interface.
|
|
||||||
namespace (str, optional): The network namespace where to create the veth pair.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
Exception: If the veth pair cannot be created.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
if namespace:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = NetNS(namespace)
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = IPRoute()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
with context_manager as ns:
|
|
||||||
ns.link('add', ifname=iface1, peer={'ifname': iface2}, kind='veth')
|
|
||||||
except Exception as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error creating veth pair {iface1} and {iface2}: {e}")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def create_vlan(self, base_iface, vlan_id, namespace=None):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Create a VLAN interface.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
base_iface (str): The base interface name.
|
|
||||||
vlan_id (int): The VLAN ID.
|
|
||||||
namespace (str, optional): The network namespace where to create the VLAN interface.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
Exception: If the VLAN interface cannot be created.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
if namespace:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = NetNS(namespace)
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = IPRoute()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
with context_manager as ns:
|
|
||||||
base_iface_idx_list = ns.link_lookup(ifname=base_iface)
|
|
||||||
if not base_iface_idx_list:
|
|
||||||
raise ValueError(f"Base interface {base_iface} not found.")
|
|
||||||
base_iface_idx = base_iface_idx_list[0]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
vlan_iface = f"{base_iface}.{vlan_id}"
|
|
||||||
ns.link('add', ifname=vlan_iface, link=base_iface_idx, kind='vlan', vlan_info={'id': vlan_id})
|
|
||||||
except Exception as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error creating VLAN on interface {base_iface}: {e}")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def create_bridge(self, bridge_name, namespace=None):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Create a bridge interface.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
bridge_name (str): The name of the bridge.
|
|
||||||
namespace (str, optional): The network namespace where to create the bridge.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
Exception: If the bridge cannot be created.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
if namespace:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = NetNS(namespace)
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = IPRoute()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
with context_manager as ns:
|
|
||||||
ns.link('add', ifname=bridge_name, kind='bridge')
|
|
||||||
except Exception as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error creating bridge {bridge_name}: {e}")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def move(self, iface, namespace):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Move a network interface to another namespace.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
iface (str): The interface name to move.
|
|
||||||
namespace (str): The target network namespace.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
Exception: If the interface cannot be moved.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
ipr = IPRoute()
|
|
||||||
idx_list = ipr.link_lookup(ifname=iface)
|
|
||||||
if not idx_list:
|
|
||||||
raise ValueError(f"Interface {iface} not found.")
|
|
||||||
idx = idx_list[0]
|
|
||||||
ipr.link('set', index=idx, net_ns_fd=namespace)
|
|
||||||
except Exception as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error moving interface {iface} to namespace {namespace}: {e}")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def set_interface_up(self, iface_name, namespace=None):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Set a network interface up.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
iface_name (str): The name of the interface.
|
|
||||||
namespace (str, optional): The network namespace where the interface exists.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
Exception: If the interface cannot be set up.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
if namespace:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = NetNS(namespace)
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = IPRoute()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
with context_manager as ns:
|
|
||||||
iface_idx_list = ns.link_lookup(ifname=iface_name)
|
|
||||||
if not iface_idx_list:
|
|
||||||
raise ValueError(f"Interface {iface_name} not found.")
|
|
||||||
iface_idx = iface_idx_list[0]
|
|
||||||
ns.link("set", index=iface_idx, state="up")
|
|
||||||
except Exception as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error setting up interface {iface_name} in namespace {namespace}: {e}")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def attach_to_bridge(self, iface_name, bridge_name, namespace=None):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Attach an interface to a bridge.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
iface_name (str): The name of the interface.
|
|
||||||
bridge_name (str): The name of the bridge.
|
|
||||||
namespace (str, optional): The network namespace where the interface and bridge exist.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Raises:
|
|
||||||
Exception: If the interface cannot be attached to the bridge.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
try:
|
|
||||||
if namespace:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = NetNS(namespace)
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
context_manager = IPRoute()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
with context_manager as ns:
|
|
||||||
iface_idx_list = ns.link_lookup(ifname=iface_name)
|
|
||||||
if not iface_idx_list:
|
|
||||||
raise ValueError(f"Interface {iface_name} not found.")
|
|
||||||
iface_idx = iface_idx_list[0]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
bridge_idx_list = ns.link_lookup(ifname=bridge_name)
|
|
||||||
if not bridge_idx_list:
|
|
||||||
raise ValueError(f"Bridge {bridge_name} not found.")
|
|
||||||
bridge_idx = bridge_idx_list[0]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
ns.link("set", index=iface_idx, master=bridge_idx)
|
|
||||||
except Exception as e:
|
|
||||||
print(f"Error attaching interface {iface_name} to bridge {bridge_name} in namespace {namespace}: {e}")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def interpret_namespace(namespace_arg):
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
Interpret the namespace argument.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If the argument is '1', converts it to None (representing the default namespace),
|
|
||||||
otherwise returns the argument as is.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Parameters:
|
|
||||||
namespace_arg (str): The namespace argument.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Returns:
|
|
||||||
str or None: The interpreted namespace.
|
|
||||||
"""
|
|
||||||
return None if namespace_arg == '1' else namespace_arg
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def main():
|
|
||||||
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Create veth pairs between containers with optional bridge attachment.")
|
|
||||||
parser.add_argument("-ns1", "--namespace1", default=None, help="Name of the first namespace or container, or '1' for the default namespace.")
|
|
||||||
parser.add_argument("-ns2", "--namespace2", default=None, help="Name of the second namespace or container, or '1' for the default namespace.")
|
|
||||||
parser.add_argument("-n1", "--name1", required=True, help="Name of the first veth interface.")
|
|
||||||
parser.add_argument("-n2", "--name2", required=True, help="Name of the second veth interface.")
|
|
||||||
parser.add_argument("-b1", "--bridge1", default=None, help="Name of the network bridge for ns1.")
|
|
||||||
parser.add_argument("-b2", "--bridge2", default=None, help="Name of the network bridge for ns2.")
|
|
||||||
parser.add_argument("-t1", "--type1", default=None, help="Container type for ns1 ('docker', 'lxc', 'lxd', 'incus', or 'None' for the default namespace).")
|
|
||||||
parser.add_argument("-t2", "--type2", default=None, help="Container type for ns2 ('docker', 'lxc', 'lxd', 'incus', or 'None' for the default namespace).")
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
args = parser.parse_args()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Processing namespace arguments and container types
|
|
||||||
ns1, type1 = interpret_namespace(args.namespace1), args.type1
|
|
||||||
ns2, type2 = interpret_namespace(args.namespace2), args.type2
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Instantiate management classes
|
|
||||||
iface_manager = IfaceManager()
|
|
||||||
container_exposer = ContainerNetnsExposer()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Expose container network namespaces if applicable
|
|
||||||
if type1 and ns1:
|
|
||||||
ns1_pid = container_exposer.expose_container_netns(ns1, type1)
|
|
||||||
ns1 = ns1_pid
|
|
||||||
if type2 and ns2:
|
|
||||||
ns2_pid = container_exposer.expose_container_netns(ns2, type2)
|
|
||||||
ns2 = ns2_pid
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Create veth pair
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.create_veth(args.name1, args.name2)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Move ends of the veth pair to appropriate namespaces if required
|
|
||||||
if ns1:
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.move(args.name1, ns1)
|
|
||||||
if ns2:
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.move(args.name2, ns2)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Optional: Attach to network bridge and bring interfaces up
|
|
||||||
if args.bridge1 and args.name1:
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.attach_to_bridge(args.name1, args.bridge1, ns1)
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.set_interface_up(args.name1, ns1)
|
|
||||||
if args.bridge2 and args.name2:
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.attach_to_bridge(args.name2, args.bridge2, ns2)
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.set_interface_up(args.name2, ns2)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Bring up interfaces if not already up
|
|
||||||
if not args.bridge1 and args.name1:
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.set_interface_up(args.name1, ns1)
|
|
||||||
if not args.bridge2 and args.name2:
|
|
||||||
iface_manager.set_interface_up(args.name2, ns2)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
|
||||||
main()
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
incus create images:debian/12 deb1
|
incus create images:debian/12 dnsmasq-container
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.syscalls.intercept.mount true
|
incus config set dnsmasq-container security.syscalls.intercept.mount true
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.nesting true
|
incus config set dnsmasq-container security.nesting true
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.privileged true
|
incus config set dnsmasq-container security.privileged true
|
||||||
incus start deb1
|
incus start dnsmasq-container
|
||||||
@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
#!/bin/bash
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Restart usługi dnsmasq w kontenerze
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl restart dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Włącz automatyczne uruchamianie dnsmasq przy starcie
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl enable dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Sprawdź status usługi dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- systemctl status dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Test DNS — nslookup
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nslookup example.local 192.168.1.10
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Utwórz nowy kontener deb1 z obrazu Debian 12
|
|
||||||
incus create images:debian/12 deb1
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Konfiguracja bezpieczeństwa dla kontenera deb1
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.syscalls.intercept.mount true
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.nesting true
|
|
||||||
incus config set deb1 security.privileged true
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Uruchom kontener deb1
|
|
||||||
incus start deb1
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Aktualizacja pakietów w kontenerze deb1
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt update
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Instalacja potrzebnych pakietów
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt install -y \
|
|
||||||
netplan.io \
|
|
||||||
sudo vim nano git tmux mc zip unzip curl wget htop lynx \
|
|
||||||
iproute2 termshark bridge-utils \
|
|
||||||
python3 python3-ipython python3-pyroute2 python3-scapy \
|
|
||||||
docker.io docker-compose
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Ustaw hasło root
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- bash -c 'echo "root:passroot" | chpasswd'
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Dodaj użytkownika "user" z hasłem "pass" i grupą "sudo" i " docker" (opcja dla wewnątrz kontenera i z ns1
|
|
||||||
# Wariant ns1
|
|
||||||
sudo incus exec deb1 -- su - sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash -G sudo,docker user && echo 'user:pass' | sudo chpasswd
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Wariant inside container
|
|
||||||
sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash -G sudo,docker user && echo 'user:pass' | sudo chpasswd
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Wejście do powłoki bash w kontenerze (opcjonalne)
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- bash -c "echo 'Wchodzimy do bash...'; exec bash"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Aktualizacja pakietów ponownie
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt update
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Instalacja dnsmasq
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- apt install dnsmasq -y
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Edycja konfiguracji Netplan
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nano /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Zastosowanie zmian konfiguracji sieciowej
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- netplan apply
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Edycja konfiguracji dnsmasq.conf
|
|
||||||
incus exec deb1 -- nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
echo "Skrypt zakończony."
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#made by mbiast and babcia (siah)
|
|
||||||
Binary file not shown.
@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
allign czy konf container from inside /outside side`
|
|
||||||
@ -1 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
sudo iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
|
|
||||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user